Intravenous drug users account for nearly one-third of the current AIDS cases in the United States--second only to gay males--and are responsible for 72 percent of female and 59 percent of pediatric cases of AIDS. Thus the National Institute of Drug Abuse launched a major effort in 1987 to locate hidden users and to see how they function and to evaluate strategies and community-based programs in 50 cities and 60 nearby communities around the country in order to lower risks to IV users and to reduce the dangers that they pose to others in the population. Brown and Beschner present the very…mehr
Intravenous drug users account for nearly one-third of the current AIDS cases in the United States--second only to gay males--and are responsible for 72 percent of female and 59 percent of pediatric cases of AIDS. Thus the National Institute of Drug Abuse launched a major effort in 1987 to locate hidden users and to see how they function and to evaluate strategies and community-based programs in 50 cities and 60 nearby communities around the country in order to lower risks to IV users and to reduce the dangers that they pose to others in the population. Brown and Beschner present the very latest findings and come to well-tested conclusions about how to change behaviors positively. This handbook is written for use in college, university, and professional libraries and for students, teachers, policymakers, and practitioners in public health service and in public policy at all governmental levels to study carefully. Brown and Beschner open with an introduction showing how injection drug users and their sexual partners are at risk for aids. Part I describes the spread of AIDS in the United States and Puerto Rico. Part II depicts patterns of injection drug and crack use and their effect on sex partners. Part III deals with gender issues. Part IV goes into demographic and background factors. Part V discusses key issues in the use of drug abuse treatment. Part VI analyzes outreach and behavior change strategies. And Part VI looks into how risk can be reduced as a result of outreach and specific intervention strategies. The final chapter comes to some conclusions about the effectiveness of various interventions by the National AIDS Demonstration Research Project. Background readings also add to the importance of this major reference.
BARRY S. BROWN was Chief of the Community Research Branch of the National Institute of Drug Abuse of the Public Health Service until 1992. He is the author of Addicts and Aftercare-Community Intergration of the Former Drug User (1979) and of multiple national reports, chapters in books, and professional journal articles on the subject of drug abuse and drug treatment. He is currently on the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Wilmington. GEORGE M. BESCHNER, a THI Senior Research Associate, is Principal Investigator of two drug abuse research projects: a national epidemiology study of drug abuse patterns and trends, and quick response studies to address policy issues./e Previously, Mr. Beschner was employed by NIDA (1971-88), serving as Chief of the Treatment Research Branch and, more recently, designed and directed the National AIDS Demonstration Research Project.
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Preface Introduction: At Risk for AIDS--Injection Drug Users and Their Sexual Partners by Barry S. Brown and George M. Beschner HIV Infection among Drug Users Overview of the History of the HIV Epidemic among Drug Injectors by Samuel R. Friedman Don C. Des Jarlais and Thomas P. Ward The Prevalence of HIV Infection in a National Sample of Injection Drug Users by Richard A. LaBrie William E. McAuliffe Ro Nemeth-Coslett and Larissa Wilberschied HIV Infection/Serostatus-Outside Epicenters by Harvey A. Siegal Robert G. Carlson and Russel S. Flack HIV Seroprevalence among Injection Drug Users in Puerto Rico: A Comparative Perspective by Héctor M. Colón Rafaela R. Robles Juan C. Reyes and ToMÁs D. Matos Patterns of Injection Drug and Crack Use Drug Use Patterns among Injection Drug Users and Their Sex Partners by Thomas E. Feucht Richard C. Stephens and T. Shawn Sullivan Needle Use Behavior by Richard C. Stephens Thomas E. Feucht and Brian H. Gibbs Needle Use Risks: Composite Measures and Comparisons by George W. Joe and D. Dwayne Simpson Epidemiology of Crack Use among Injection Drug Users and Sex Partners of Injection Drug Users by Dale D. Chitwood Gender Issues Women and Men Injection Drug Users: An Updated Look at Gender Differences and Risk Factors by Vivian Brown and Gloria Weissman Characteristics of Female Sexual Partners by Sherry Deren Rees Davis Stephanie Tortu and Indu Ahluwalia Sex for Money and Drugs by Deena D. Watson Barbara Kail and Scott Ray Demographic and Background Issues AIDS and Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in the United States by Merrill Singer and Zhonqke Jia Risk Factors and HIV Infection among Three Different Cultural Groups of Injection Drug Users by Rafaela R. Robles Héctor M. Colón ToMÁs D. Matos Juan C. Reyes Carmen A. Marrero and Cruz M. López African American Injection Drug Users by Adelbert Jones Charlene Lewis and Vernon J. Shorly Drug Use Sexual Behaviors Risk of HIV Infection and Age Differences among Injection Drug Users Not in Treatment by Mark L. Williams and Frederick R. Snyder Homelessness and Risk Behaviors among Intravenous Drug Users in Chicago and New York City by Susan J. Popkin Wendell A. Johnson Michael C. Clatts W. Wayne Wiebel and Sherry Deren Mobility as a Factor in the Spread of HIV among Intravenous Drug Abusers Mark L. Williams Clyde B. McCoy Ramdas Menon and Elizabeth L. Khoury Injection Drug Users Incarceration and HIV: Some Legal and Social Service Delivery Issues by James A. Inciardi Duane C. McBride Jerome J. Platt and Sandra Baxter Issues in the Use of Drug Abuse Treatment Injection Drug Users Drug Treatment and HIV Risk Behavior by Jon Liebman LaVerne Knezek Kathleen Coughey and Steven Hua Injection Drug Users and Self-Help Groups by John F. French Mitchell J. Rosen Robert C. Freeman and Gloria Rodriguez Entry into Treatment of IDUs Based on the Association of Outreach Workers with Treatment Programs by Rebecca Sager Ashery Hillard Davis Willie H. Davis and Roy I. Ross A Comparison of AIDS Intervention Approaches for Injection Drug Users: Street Outreach versus Drug Treatment Intake--Are They Hitting the Same or Different Targets? by Arthur J. Bonito E. Michael Bohlig Michael L. Dennis John A. Fairbank and J. Valley Rachal Outreach and Behavior Change Strategies Outreach to IDUs Not in Treatment by Wayne Wiebel Pat Biernacki Nina Mulia and Lisa Levin Outreach to Injection Drug-Using Women by Michael Gross and Vivian Brown Outreach to Sexual Partners by Dana E. Hunt Theodore Hammett Christine Smith William Rhodes and José A. Pares-Avila Problem-Solving Skills Training: Addressing High-Risk Behaviors in Newark and Jersey City by Jerome J. Platt Stephen D. Husband Martin Iguchi and Robert Baxter Changing the Culture of Risk by Samuel R. Friedman Wayne Wiebel Benny Jose and Lisa Levin Risk Reduction Consequent To Outreach/Intervention Comparative Effectiveness of NADR Interventions by Richard C. Stephens D. Dwayne Simpson Susan L. Coyle Clyde B. McCoy and the National AIDS Research Consortium
Preface Introduction: At Risk for AIDS--Injection Drug Users and Their Sexual Partners by Barry S. Brown and George M. Beschner HIV Infection among Drug Users Overview of the History of the HIV Epidemic among Drug Injectors by Samuel R. Friedman Don C. Des Jarlais and Thomas P. Ward The Prevalence of HIV Infection in a National Sample of Injection Drug Users by Richard A. LaBrie William E. McAuliffe Ro Nemeth-Coslett and Larissa Wilberschied HIV Infection/Serostatus-Outside Epicenters by Harvey A. Siegal Robert G. Carlson and Russel S. Flack HIV Seroprevalence among Injection Drug Users in Puerto Rico: A Comparative Perspective by Héctor M. Colón Rafaela R. Robles Juan C. Reyes and ToMÁs D. Matos Patterns of Injection Drug and Crack Use Drug Use Patterns among Injection Drug Users and Their Sex Partners by Thomas E. Feucht Richard C. Stephens and T. Shawn Sullivan Needle Use Behavior by Richard C. Stephens Thomas E. Feucht and Brian H. Gibbs Needle Use Risks: Composite Measures and Comparisons by George W. Joe and D. Dwayne Simpson Epidemiology of Crack Use among Injection Drug Users and Sex Partners of Injection Drug Users by Dale D. Chitwood Gender Issues Women and Men Injection Drug Users: An Updated Look at Gender Differences and Risk Factors by Vivian Brown and Gloria Weissman Characteristics of Female Sexual Partners by Sherry Deren Rees Davis Stephanie Tortu and Indu Ahluwalia Sex for Money and Drugs by Deena D. Watson Barbara Kail and Scott Ray Demographic and Background Issues AIDS and Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in the United States by Merrill Singer and Zhonqke Jia Risk Factors and HIV Infection among Three Different Cultural Groups of Injection Drug Users by Rafaela R. Robles Héctor M. Colón ToMÁs D. Matos Juan C. Reyes Carmen A. Marrero and Cruz M. López African American Injection Drug Users by Adelbert Jones Charlene Lewis and Vernon J. Shorly Drug Use Sexual Behaviors Risk of HIV Infection and Age Differences among Injection Drug Users Not in Treatment by Mark L. Williams and Frederick R. Snyder Homelessness and Risk Behaviors among Intravenous Drug Users in Chicago and New York City by Susan J. Popkin Wendell A. Johnson Michael C. Clatts W. Wayne Wiebel and Sherry Deren Mobility as a Factor in the Spread of HIV among Intravenous Drug Abusers Mark L. Williams Clyde B. McCoy Ramdas Menon and Elizabeth L. Khoury Injection Drug Users Incarceration and HIV: Some Legal and Social Service Delivery Issues by James A. Inciardi Duane C. McBride Jerome J. Platt and Sandra Baxter Issues in the Use of Drug Abuse Treatment Injection Drug Users Drug Treatment and HIV Risk Behavior by Jon Liebman LaVerne Knezek Kathleen Coughey and Steven Hua Injection Drug Users and Self-Help Groups by John F. French Mitchell J. Rosen Robert C. Freeman and Gloria Rodriguez Entry into Treatment of IDUs Based on the Association of Outreach Workers with Treatment Programs by Rebecca Sager Ashery Hillard Davis Willie H. Davis and Roy I. Ross A Comparison of AIDS Intervention Approaches for Injection Drug Users: Street Outreach versus Drug Treatment Intake--Are They Hitting the Same or Different Targets? by Arthur J. Bonito E. Michael Bohlig Michael L. Dennis John A. Fairbank and J. Valley Rachal Outreach and Behavior Change Strategies Outreach to IDUs Not in Treatment by Wayne Wiebel Pat Biernacki Nina Mulia and Lisa Levin Outreach to Injection Drug-Using Women by Michael Gross and Vivian Brown Outreach to Sexual Partners by Dana E. Hunt Theodore Hammett Christine Smith William Rhodes and José A. Pares-Avila Problem-Solving Skills Training: Addressing High-Risk Behaviors in Newark and Jersey City by Jerome J. Platt Stephen D. Husband Martin Iguchi and Robert Baxter Changing the Culture of Risk by Samuel R. Friedman Wayne Wiebel Benny Jose and Lisa Levin Risk Reduction Consequent To Outreach/Intervention Comparative Effectiveness of NADR Interventions by Richard C. Stephens D. Dwayne Simpson Susan L. Coyle Clyde B. McCoy and the National AIDS Research Consortium
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