Resource-use efficiency and crop yield are significant factors in the management of agricultural greenhouse. Appropriate modeling and optimization methods effectively improve the control performance and efficiency of the greenhouse system. Accordingly, the interest of the scientific community in greenhouse modeling and optimizing has grown considerably. Although successes have been achieved by some models for specific cases, there are no books of systematic introduction to the theoretical methods. In this book, the research trends of modeling and optimization of greenhouse environment are investigated. The basic steps and various application cases for greenhouse environment's modeling and optimization are provided. The temporal and spatial distribution of environmental parameters in the greenhouse under the influence of factors such as ventilation rate and heat radiation are discussed. A kind of software design for greenhouse environmental parameters optimization are proposed forachieving efficient, balanced and energy-saving production of various greenhouse crops.