Chetyre osnownyh klassa weschestw, kotorye mozhno najti w wozdushnyh chastqh ruty - äto alkaloidy hinolin, hinolinon, furohinolin, piranohinolin i akridon, flawonoidy, takie kak rutin, äfirnoe maslo, takoe kak 2-nonanon, 2-nonilacetat, 2-undecilacetat, i kumariny, takie kak kumarin, dikumarin, furanokumarin, piranokumarin i kumarin-naftohinonowye soedineniq. Bol'shinstwo aromaticheskih i lekarstwennyh swojstw rasteniq obuslowleno nalichiem w nem rutina, metilnonilktona i äfirnogo masla. On ispol'zowalsq w narodnoj medicine kak stimuliruüschee, abortiwnoe, antisepticheskoe, spazmoliticheskoe, antgel'mintnoe, protiworewmaticheskoe, protiwoäpilepticheskoe sredstwo, a takzhe blagodarq swoim farmakologicheskim swojstwam, takim kak protiwomikrobnoe, antidepressiwnoe, antigiperlipedemicheskoe, antigiperglikemicheskoe, protiwowospalitel'noe, protiwoopuholewoe, protiworakowoe, antiandrogennoe, repellentnoe i larwicidnoe.