The specific object of our study, the Municipality of San Casimiro, located in the south of the State of Aragua in the Republic of Venezuela, is in a process of agricultural regression, demographic stagnation in its rural area and presents underutilization or non-utilization of natural resources such as minerals and land, and of the cultural resources of the population such as patron saint festivities, Carnival, empirical knowledge of the environment, artistic and culinary traditions and others, which has influenced the poverty of its inhabitants who suffer from unemployment, lack of housing, malnutrition and social injustice. The knowledge of the historical and geographical process that generated this human reality, can allow to offer viable solutions to the economic and social situation described.