The monograph describes the history of Turkestan during the complex processes. The period of Tsarist Russia's rule is highlighted, and in the process of the formation of capitalist relations during this period, one of the forms of economic activity typical of capitalism in Turkestan is the formation and operation of joint-stock companies. At the same time, the activities of the companies typical of that period in the country are highlighted.The monograph is intended for historical scientists, researchers and students of higher education institutions.