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RISE AND FALL OF CIVILIZATIONSArnold Toynbee "A Study of History" 1934-1961 12 volumes 1. The vision of the initial creative minority begins to decay. 2. The majority of the civilization's people gradually withdraw their allegiance. 3. Social decay follows. Edward Gibbon "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 1776, 1781, 1788-89 1. Sports and entertainment received more and more money while the plight of the poor was neglected. 2. Money went to the military rather than public infrastructure. 3. Violence became increasingly prevalent. 4. People's faith in government became…mehr

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RISE AND FALL OF CIVILIZATIONSArnold Toynbee "A Study of History" 1934-1961 12 volumes 1. The vision of the initial creative minority begins to decay. 2. The majority of the civilization's people gradually withdraw their allegiance. 3. Social decay follows. Edward Gibbon "The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 1776, 1781, 1788-89 1. Sports and entertainment received more and more money while the plight of the poor was neglected. 2. Money went to the military rather than public infrastructure. 3. Violence became increasingly prevalent. 4. People's faith in government became undermined, and justly so. 5. Religious roots fragmented and became cause for dissension. "Decline of the West" Oswald Spengler 1918,1922-1923 This is a theory of the world as History, world as time, and history as directional. It revolves around the notion of "becoming." 1. It is a philosophy of history. It is a theory of how history should be done, what a careful theory of what history really is. 2. The central interest is in "High history" - the history of Culture and Civilization. Spengler cites 8 cultures which have existed and disappeared never to return. 3. History is directional. That is there is a logic that describes the Cultures (each as a period of youth, growth, maturity, decay), and each has a fundamental logic, its Destiny, which it eventually fulfills. 4. Babylon, Egypt, Chinese, Indian, classical Greek/Roman, Arabian, Western (Faustian), Mexican (Aztec/Mayan). No Incan? No Israel?
Autorenporträt
I was born in Lexington, Kentucky May 4, 1943 to Elisabeth Frank Louden a blonde Lutheran who left Hitler's Germany in January 1935, age 19. I lived in my dad's hometown Amityville, NY 1945-1954. We moved to a farm in Ghent, NY in the Berkshires. I graduated from Nasson college Springvale, Maine with a History B.A. on June 6, 1964. I entered the U.S. Air Force in April 1965 and graduated from the Defense Information School of Journalism at Ft. Slocum, NY in September 1965. I was a World Almanac editor 1969-1975. My wife Sandra and daughter Elissa born Dec. 24, 1975, moved from Mt. Kisco, NY to Stafford, VA on July 4, 1977. My son Scott was born in Fredericksburg, VA on Nov. 8, 1977. I have a grandaughter Jaden born September 30, 2005.