The pressure of learning English in a very short period of time, often leaves families in a very difficult place where they have to make a choice between one language and another. Some students were able to maintain a very high level of proficiency in their heritage language, while others had remained at a very low level of language proficiency. This book looks into the factors that influence Russian language maintenance and loss among Russian-American students. The research focuses on students language use and language attitudes towards their home language in relation to maintenance or loss of their home language.