Growth of European olive (Olea europaea L.) in Australia currently occurs in the southern and eastern areas of the country, in areas that have climate similar to traditional olive growing areas in Europe. No commercial growth of olives currently occurs further inland in the rangelands area of the country however, where the environment is typically hotter and drier. Three trial groves were established on Mount Weld pastoral station, in the remote rangelands area of Western Australia to challenge the potential for economic growth of European olive in this environment. A comprehensive summary of the three trials are presented, commencing with the initial planning and establishment of the trial groves, including all aspects of grove maintenance and monitoring of the growth, health and fruit productivity and quality. The study is the first of its kind in the rangelands area of Western Australia and provides important conclusions regarding future potential of European olive in this environment.