This book is a review of the most recent evidence about the HPV infection in the female lower genital tract and its consequences in older women. Older women have a special features that make us see the HPV infection from other perspective. Latency and reactivation of HPV infection in postmenopausal women is a possibility to consider and should be evaluated in the design of cancer screening strategies. This book shows the evolution and management of diseases HPV-related in older women, as well as the impact of prophylactic vaccines against HPV in these women.