This study aimed to investigate the relationship between human resource management (HRM) practices, total quality management (TQM) practices and competitive advantages in banking industry of Pakistan. HRM practices included Recruitment & Selection, Training & Development, Performance Appraisal, and Compensation & Reward. TQM practices consist of Leadership, Continuous Improvement, Customer Satisfaction, Employee Empowerment, and Strategic Planning. And lastly, competitive advantages is represented by Cost Leadership, and Differentiation.
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