This book is the outcome of the research undertaken by the author in various rural primary health centers in Andhra pradesh, India. The study focuses on the HR dimensions in primary health care system which are essential to build a dedicated and competent health workforce. It examines the effectiveness of various HR practices adopted by the Government in the PHCs and also the impact of HR practices on the work environment and motivation of health workforce in PHCs. The book also presents competency mapping for health workforce in PHCs and the impact of training in building competencies in them. It provides policy makers the insights into the different strategies and HR practices much needed for bringing out the best in health care services and build the competencies which would make them equally competent as the private sector health care services. This work will be a foundation for many more research studies which would focus on the multi-dimensional analysis of health care system in order to improve the efficacy of the system.