Human Respiratory System - Bree, Seamall
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The thorax is the location of the lung, which is the organ responsible for exchanging gases in humans. The thoracic cage, which is composed of bones and muscles, serves to protect the delicate tissues of the lung. In addition to discharging carbon dioxide, a gaseous waste product, from the bloodstream, the lungs are responsible for delivering oxygen to the tissues of the human body in a constant flow. Air is pushed in and out of the atmosphere on a regular basis through a network of pipes known as conducting airways. These airways connect the region of the body that is responsible for gas…mehr

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The thorax is the location of the lung, which is the organ responsible for exchanging gases in humans. The thoracic cage, which is composed of bones and muscles, serves to protect the delicate tissues of the lung. In addition to discharging carbon dioxide, a gaseous waste product, from the bloodstream, the lungs are responsible for delivering oxygen to the tissues of the human body in a constant flow. Air is pushed in and out of the atmosphere on a regular basis through a network of pipes known as conducting airways. These airways connect the region of the body that is responsible for gas exchange with the outside of the body. Both upper and lower airway systems are able to be distinguished from the airways. Exactly at the very top of the larynx, the point where the routes of the digestive system and the respiratory system intersect is where the transition between the two physiological systems takes place. Not only does the upper airway system include the nasal cavity and the paranasal cavities (also known as sinuses), but it also includes the pharynx (commonly known as the throat) and the oral cavity, which is partially responsible for breathing. The larynx, the trachea, the stem bronchi, and all of the airways that ramify extensively within the lungs are included in the lower airway system. These airways include the intrapulmonary bronchi, the bronchioles, and the alveolar ducts. It should come as no surprise that the cooperation of other organ systems is absolutely necessary for respiration. By creating the pumping action on the lung, which is controlled by the central nervous system, the diaphragm, which is the primary respiratory muscle, and the intercostal muscles of the chest wall play an important role in the process. Thoracic muscles are responsible for the expansion and contraction of the interior space of the thorax. The ribs and the thoracic vertebrae are the bones that make up the framework of the thorax. On the following page, "The mechanics of breathing," you will find a description of the role that the lungs and the chest wall (ribs and muscles) play in the process of respiration. When it comes to a functional respiratory system, the blood, which serves as a carrier for the gases, and the circulatory system, which includes the heart and the blood vessels, are essential components (for more information, see blood and cardiovascular system).
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