Over some years before and after 1948, human rights issues have been a daily agenda of harmonizing an observance of rights with the eye of humanitarian ground. Human rights have been recognized internationally through United nations Human Rights Committee and Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. In the regions, the European Human Rights Convention and Inter-American Human Rights have made a big step ahead for protection, promotion and enforcement of rights either individually or as groups or associations. In domestic level there are still some challenges whereby the protection, respect and enforcement of human rights is a problem especially vulnerable groups such as people with disabilities, children, women and girls, stateless, displaced people and refugees. Therefore, this book provides the insights of human rights in international and national perspectives. Chapter one provides the theoretical foundations of human rights. The book also has touched the categories of human rights that is political, civil, economic, social, cultural and group rights as provided under chapter four. Human rights of specific groups such as women and girls, children, persons with disability