This book provides a theoretical model for economic development from complexity science that treats economic development in firms or communities of practice as Complex Adaptive Systems (CASs) offering an inter-disciplinary approach that is holistic as opposed to reductionist. The theoretical model provides a framework within which the variables identified by the different theories interrelate dynamically, influence each other and display a new ontology within which to analyze economic development. Four sub-models are posited as components of the Integrated CAS theoretical framework for economic development in firms/communities of practice/networks of practice. The four sub-models Social Contingency Mechanism (SCM) conceptual model, Institutional Arrangement and Change (IAC) conceptual model, Knowledge Identification and Management (KIM) conceptual model and Strategic Flexibility Model (SFM) conceptual model work together in a dynamic manner to achieve economic development.