Ignaz Semmelweis
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Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (July 1, 1818 August 13, 1865; also Ignac Semmelweis, born Semmelweis Ignác Fülöp), was a Hungarian physician described as the "savior of mothers", who discovered by 1847 that the incidence of puerperal fever could be drastically cut by use of hand washing standards in obstetrical clinics. Puerperal fever (or childbed fever) was common in mid-19th-century hospitals and often fatal, with mortality at 10% 35%. Semmelweis postulated the theory of washing with "chlorinated lime solutions" in 1847 as head of Vienna General Hospital's First Obstetrical Clinic, where doctor…mehr

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Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (July 1, 1818 August 13, 1865; also Ignac Semmelweis, born Semmelweis Ignác Fülöp), was a Hungarian physician described as the "savior of mothers", who discovered by 1847 that the incidence of puerperal fever could be drastically cut by use of hand washing standards in obstetrical clinics. Puerperal fever (or childbed fever) was common in mid-19th-century hospitals and often fatal, with mortality at 10% 35%. Semmelweis postulated the theory of washing with "chlorinated lime solutions" in 1847 as head of Vienna General Hospital's First Obstetrical Clinic, where doctor wards had 3 times the mortality of midwife wards. In 1851, Semmelweis moved to work in Hungary, which accepted the theory by 1857. Despite his publications by 1861 of statistical/clinical trials where hand-washing reduced mortality below 1%, Semmelweis' practice only earned widespread acceptance years after his death, when Louis Pasteur confirmed the germ theory. In 1865, a nervous breakdown (or possibly Alzheimer's) landed him in an asylum, where Semmelweis died of injuries, at age 47.