Landmines are planted in many countries all over the world. They create huge problems, affecting society, economy and causing endless number of victims. In the past, several detection techniques proposed to handle the landmine detection problem. The combination of sensor technologies and image processing techniques remains an open problem and active research area. This book provided a survey on the available sensor technology for landmine detection, well known Image Processing Techniques for Landmine Detection and finally an innovative methodology for landmine detection based Kharnenn Leove Transformation (KLT) named, Ajlouni-Sheta s Landmine Detection Methodology . The source of the Infrared images used was the Joint Research Centre (JRC) Landmine Signatures Database which was collected at Meerdael, Belgium minefields, the Royal Military Academy, Belgium. The methodology not only help in landmine detection but also classification based on selected landmine features. A comparisonwith reported results in the literatures is reported. We hope that this book will provide a guideline for scientists and researchers in the field of landmine detection and classification.