Technology developed in the past 10 years has dramatically increased the ability of researchers to directly visualize and measure various stages of the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) life cycle. The aim of this book is to illustrate the most recent imaging-based approaches that have filled critical gaps in our understanding of certain aspects of HIV-1 viral life cycle and how HIV-1 virus interacts with the host cell. In particular I will focus on the method that allowed to investigate whether the nuclear architecture of the cell may affect the viral integration process of HIV-1. This system represent a novel tool to better understand the factors that mediate nuclear trafficking and integration of the PIC.