The book focuses on the impact of climate change on mangroves ecosystem as well as the socio-economic vulnerabilities of coastal communities in three South Asian countries, i.e. Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The book provides an assessment of changing hydrological conditions and its resultant land cover changes through a temporal GIS/RS analysis. Added to this the development of climate change scenarios for the study sites, environmental flows assessment, salinity distribution due to sea level rise (SLR) and institutional/policy analysis were also carried out. We tried to answer some key questions related to impacts and vulnerabilities of mangrove ecosystem and dependent communities by integrating the community's perceptions and experts' opinion along with observed and projected climate change scenarios. Some important questions include: what are the likely drivers of sensitivity and exposure, how they are impacting, and how much is the coping potential of coastal communities in the backdrop of climate change? What should be the likely environmental flows to delta and mangroves ecosystem?