The research objectively established the effects of fiscal policy instruments (in context, the components of Government Expenditure, Public Debt, and Government Tax Revenue) on the Economic Growth of Nigeria (proxied by the Real GDP with 1990 as the base year) for the deregulation period (1986-2012). The history of fiscal policy and fiscal federalism in Nigeria during the pre-independence, independence, and post-independence periods was also presented to establish the foundation for Government fiscal actions. The analysis utilized the Ordinary Least Squares Method and compliance with and deviation from the a priori expectation were explained and recommendations were made to improve the desired impact of the fiscal tools on the Real GDP.