The work carried out by staff/workers who provide services in laboratories is constantly exposed to various risks with different intensity and transmissibility characteristics arising from specific activities. And due to the great variability or multiplicity of activities, operational and organizational procedures existing in each sector of the laboratory environment, this weakens this class of professionals, who are often marginalized from the attentive eyes of public authorities. For these reasons, there was a need to study the physical, operational and organizational characteristics of the laboratory environment that provides services for the physical-chemical and microbiological analysis of water and effluent samples, in order to subsequently draw up a technical-scientific and educational biosafety manual in conjunction with its technical staff, so as to address the technical and operational concerns and doubts of this class of professionals.