This book focuses on the importance of teaching listening comprehension skills to young children starting initial education with the premise that second language acquisition is scaffolded in preschool children when phonological awareness is trained. Since listening comprehension is a very complex process and listening skills do not develop automatically, it is of utmost importance to teach these skills. This can be accomplished by implementing a training program to train students in phonological awareness. Following a quantitative approach, five tests were given to a selected group of 10 kindergarten children over a period of seven months to test the relevance of the thesis statement. The results of these tests show that training in phonological awareness is not language specific and that L1 as well as L2 students benefit from such training.