The book presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the mechanical activation of viscous oil, which confirmed the effectiveness of cavitation on their rheological properties. The major making source of raw materials of oil branch stocks heavy and bituminous crude oils are. Improvement of technologies transportations it is, caused by their high resource potential. Capacity and economic efficiency of the oil pipeline depends on properties of the pumped-over oil. The main obstacle for ensuring necessary speed is viscosity. Recently the steady tendency to magnification of bulks of haul, oil and oil products was out lined. With that, end in view the big practical and theoretical interest is, represented by working out of new methods of struggle against formation of paraffin adjournment. Considering problem urgency, from our party experiences on influence studying cavitation on formation asphaltene - pitch - paraffin adjournment on an internal surface of the pipeline have, been spent.