Jens Hagen

Industrial Catalysis

A Practical Approach

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

In its 3rd edition, this comprehensive book offers all relevant information on catalytic processes in industry, including many recent examples. Perfectly suited for self-study, it is the ideal companion for scientists who want to get into the field or refresh existing knowledge.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley-VCH
• 3. Aufl.
• Seitenzahl: 522
• Erscheinungstermin: 23. September 2015
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 250mm x 175mm x 31mm
• Gewicht: 1315g
• ISBN-13: 9783527331659
• ISBN-10: 3527331654
• Artikelnr.: 41950170

Autorenporträt

Jens Hagen gives vocational training seminars on catalysis throughout the world and until his retirement he was Professor of Technical Chemistry at Mannheim University of Applied Sciences (Germany). The input he received through his international courses had an active influence on the content of the current edition of "Industrial Catalysis". Jens Hagen completed his first degree in chemical engineering in Essen (Germany), before studying chemistry at RWTH Aachen (Germany). He gained his doctorate in 1975 in the field of catalysis and high-pressure synthesis. Following a period in industry at Henkel KGaA, Düsseldorf (Germany), he was appointed as Professor at Mannheim University of Applied Sciences in 1979. Professor Hagen's teaching and research at the faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering focused on chemical reaction engineering and technical catalysis. In addition, he was the head of the Steinbeis Transfer Center for Process Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Techniques for many years.

Inhaltsangabe

1 Introduction
1.1 The Phenomenon Catalysis
1.2 Mode of Action of Catalysts
1.2.1 Activity
1.2.2 Selectivity
1.2.3 Stability
1.2.4 Mole Balance and Conversion
1.3 Classification of Catalysts
1.4 Comparison of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis
Exercises
2 Homogeneous Catalysis with Transition Metal Catalysts
2.1 Key Reactions in Homogeneous Catalysis
2.1.1 Coordination and Exchange of Ligands
2.1.2 Complex Formation
2.1.3 Acid-Base Reactions
2.1.4 Redox Reactions: Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination
2.1.5 Insertion and Elimination Reactions
2.1.6 Reactions at Coordinated Ligands
2.2 Catalysts Concepts in Homogeneous Catalysis
2.2.1 The 16/18-Electron Rule
2.2.2 Catalytic Cycles
2.3 Characterization of Homogeneous Catalysts
2.3.1 Infrared Spectroscopy
2.3.2 NMR Spectroscopy
Exercises
3 Homogeneously Catalyzed Industrial processes
3.1 Overview
3.2 Examples of Industrial processes
3.2.1 Oxo Synthesis
3.2.2 Production of Acetic Acid by Carbonylation of Methanol
3.2.3 Selective Ethylene Oxidation by the Wacker Process
3.2.4 Oxidation of Cyclohexane
3.2.5 Suzuki Coupling
3.2.6 Oligomerization of Ethylene (SHOP Process)
3.2.7 Telomerization of Butadiene
3.2.8 Adipodinitrile
3.3 Asymmetric Catalysis
3.3.1 Introduction
3.3.2 Catalysts
3.3.3 Commercial Applications
3.4 Alkene Metathesis
3.5 Recycling of Homogeneous Catalysts
3.5.1 Overview
3.5.2 Reactions in Two-Phase Liquid-Liquid Systems
Exercises
4 Biocatalysis
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Kinetics of Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions
4.3 Industrial Processes with Biocatalysts
4.3.1 Acrylamide from Acrylonitrile
4.3.2 Aspartame through Enzymatic Peptide Synthesis
4.3.3 L-Amino Acids by Aminoacylase Process
4.3.4 Pharmaceuticals
4.3.5 Herbicides
Exercises
5 Heterogeneous Catalysis: Fundamentals
5.1 Individual Steps in Heterogeneous Catalysis
5.2 Kinetics and Mechanisms of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Reactions
5.2.1 The Importance of Adsorption in Heterogeneous Catalysis
5.2.2 Kinetic Treatment
5.2.3 Mechanisms of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Gas-Phase Reactions
Exercises for Section 5.2
5.3 Catalyst Concepts in Heterogeneous Catalysis
5.3.1 Energetic Aspects of Catalytic Activity
5.3.2 Steric Effects
5.3.3 Electronic Factors
Exercises for Section 5.3
5.4 Catalyst Performance
5.4.1 Factors which Affect the Catalyst Performance
5.4.2 Supported Catalysts
5.4.3 Promoters
5.4.4 Inhibitors
5.5 Catalyst Deactivation
5.5.1 Catalyst Poisoning
5.5.2 Poisoning of Metals
5.5.3 Poisoning of Semiconductor Oxides
5.5.4 Poisoning of Solid Acids
5.5.5 Deposits on the Catalyst Surface
5.5.6 Thermal Processes and Sintering
5.5.7 Catalyst Losses via the Gas Phase
5.6 Regeneration and Recycling of Heterogeneous Catalysts
5.7 Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalyst
5.7.1 Physical Characterization
5.7.2 Chemical Characterization and Surface Analysis
Exercises for Sections 5.4 - 5.7
6 Catalyst Shapes and Production of Heterogeneous Catalysts
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Bulk Catalysts
6.2.1 Precipitation
6.2.2 Fusion and Alloy Leaching
6.2.3 Sol-Gel Synthesis
6.2.4 Flame Hydrolysis
6.2.5 Hydrothermal Synthesis
6.2.6 Heteropolyacids
6.3 Supported Catalysts
6.3.1 Impregnation
6.3.2 Coprecipitation
6.3.3 Adsorption/Ion-Exchange
6.3.4 Anchoring/Grafting
6.3.5 Monolithic Catalysts
6.4 Shaping of Catalysts and Catalyst Supports
6.5 Immobilization of Homogeneous Catalysts
Exercises
7 Shape-Selective Catalysis: Zeolites
7.1 Composition and Structure of Zeolites
7.2 Catalytic Properties of the Zeolites
7.2.1 Shape Selectivity
7.2.2 Acidity of Zeolites
7.3 Isomorphic Substitution of Zeolites
7.4 Metal-Doped Zeolites
7.5 Applications of Zeolites
Exercises
8 Heterogeneously Catalyzed Processes in Industry
8.1 Overview
8.1.1 Production of Inorganic Chemicals
8.1.2 Production of Organic Chemicals
8.1.3 Refinery Processes
8.1.4 Catalysts in Environmental Protection
8.2 Examples of Industrial Processes ? Bulk Chemicals
8.2.1 Ammonia Synthesis
8.2.2 Hydrogenation
8.2.3 Methanol Synthesis
8.2.4 Selective Oxidation of Propene
8.2.5 Selective Oxidation of Hydrocarbons
Exercises for Sections 8.1 and 8.2
8.3 Fine Chemicals Manufacture
8.3.1 Fine Chemicals and their Synthesis
8.3.2 Selected Examples of Industrial Processes
Exercises for Section 8.3
9 Refinery Processes and Petrochemistry
9.1 Hydrotreating
9.2 Catalytic Cracking
9.3 Hydrocracking
9.4 Catalytic Reforming
9.5 Alkylation
9.6 Hydroisomerization
9.7 Synthesis Gas and Hydrogen by Steam Reforming
9.8 Natural Gas Conversion to Fuels and Chemicals
9.9 Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
9.10 Etherification Reactions
Exercises
10 Electrocatalytic Processes
10.1 Comparison Between Electrocatalysis and Heterogeneous Catalysis
10.2 Electroorganic Syntheses
10.2.1 Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation
10.2.2 Electrocatalytic Oxidation
10.2.3 Electrochemical Addition
10.3 Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells
10.3.1 Basic Principles
10.3.2 Types of Fuel Cell and Catalyst
10.3.3 Important Reactions in Fuel Cell Technology
Exercises
11 Environmental Catalysis and Green Chemistry
11.1 Automotive Exhaust Catalysis
11.2 NOx Removal Systems
11.2.1 Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides
11.2.2 NOx Storage-Reduction Catalyst for Lean-Burning Engines
11.3 Catalytic Afterburning
11.4 Green Chemistry and Catalysis
11.4.1 Examples of Catalytical Processes
Exercises
12 Phase-Transfer Catalysis
12.1 Definition
12.2 Catalysts for PTC
12.3 Mechanism and Benefits of PTC
12.4 PTC Reactions
12.5 Selected Industrial Processes with PTC
Exercises
13 Catalytic Processes with Renewable Materials
13.1 Biofuels
13.2 Biorefinery
13.3 Chemicals from Biomass
13.3.1 Chemicals from Biomass via Platform Molecules
13.3.2 Direct Biomass Conversion to End-Products
Exercises
14 Polymerization Catalysis
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Fundamentals of Catalytical Polymerization Processes
14.3 Coordination Polymerization
14.3.1 Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
14.4 Examples of Catalytical Polymerization Processes
Exercises
15 Planning, Development, and Testing of Catalysts
15.1 Stages of Catalyst Development
15.2 Development of a Catalytical Process: Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexane
15.3 Selection and Testing of Catalysts in Practice
15.3.1 Catalyst Screening
15.3.2 Catalyst Test Reactors and Kinetic Modeling
15.3.3 Kinetic Modeling and Simulation
15.3.4 Catalyst Discovery via High-Throughput Experimentation
Exercises
16 Catalysis Reactors
16.1 Reactor Calculations
16.2 Two-Phase Reactors
16.3 Three-Phase Reactors
16.3.1 Fixed-Bed Reactors
16.3.2 Suspension Reactors
16.4 Reactors for Homogeneously Catalyzed Reactions
16.5 New Reactor Concepts
16.5.1 Membrane Reactors
16.5.2 Catalytic Reactive Distillation
16.5.3 Catalytic Microreactors
Exercises
17 Economic Importance of Catalysts
18 Future Development of Catalysis
18.1 Homogeneous Catalysis
18.2 Heterogeneous Catalysis
18.2.1 Use of Other, Cheaper Raw Materials
18.2.2 Catalysts for Energy Generation
18.2.3 Better Strategies for Catalyst Development