Human capital is a quantitative, qualitative and cost estimation of physical, intellectual, educational, cultural-motivational abilities of workers to work, used in economic system for getting income of its bearer. Under innovative economic transformations it is necessary to create state, scientific, educational, sociocultural mechanism of sustainable development and self-development of innovative human capital of able-bodied population. It is important to optimize the processes of target development of intellectual, educational, physical, cultural, creative forms of human potential, to ensure maximum compliance of abilities to work of individuals with the needs of economic systems of society, to achieve dynamic development of creative abilities to innovative activity of employees. For specialists in the field of economics and sociology of labor, personnel management, researchers, professors, graduate students, students, practitioners in human capital development management.