This study on the insertion of the banking expertise profession in the banking and microfinance environment in Africa highlights the work and achievements of the Banking and Microfinance Expertise Firm (CEMI EXPERT) carried out in the CEMAC and WAEMU zones. This ten-module book presents an analysis of the sector through the context and history, the laws and regulations that govern the activity and the systems of organization and governance that exist in the sector.This document, consisting of a set of "question-answers" on banking and microfinance practices, is intended for professionals in the banking sector, universities and professional training centers, and individuals wishing to learn more about banking and microfinance. The objective is to develop the sector, which still seems embryonic in Africa as a whole, to create microfinance institutions, to increase the rate of banking and to popularize banking among all segments of the population, whether urban or rural.