In the early 1990s, Côte d'Ivoire witnessed the emergence of the phenomenon of street children. State authorities and various social organizations joined forces to reduce the problem. They all agreed on the need to create shelters which, given the difficulty of reintegrating children into their families, would keep them for longer. This raises the question of whether a long institutional stay has a negative impact on the personality of the residents. This book examines the negative impact of institutionalization on the self-perception and attitude towards society of street children from dissociated homes. If prolonged, institutionalization worsens the self-perception of these children. On the other hand, the existence of a place to stay reduces their aggressiveness towards society. The ultimate goal of all those who work to solve this phenomenon must be exclusively to create conditions that allow children living in families to stay there and those living in social care institutions to return to the family environment in a short time.