Today, as in the past, the need for Africa to unite is a burning issue in view of the current international context (constitution/consolidation of large groups, cross-border threats etc.). To translate this wish, which has long remained pious, into reality, the African passport, which was launched in 2016, is an indispensable tool. Indeed, this federating tool is in essence a real catalyst for the process of African continental integration from below. This is not only through the facilitation of the free movement of people in Africa (total abolition of the visa requirement for all African nationals, promotion of a pan-African identity), but also through the boosting of the continent's economy (increase in intra-African trade, stimulation of economic growth and skills). However, a few prerequisites need to be met by all stakeholders - first and foremost the African States - in this fascinating project so that the expected fruit will keep the promise of the flowers.