Changing conditions and market structures demand that many companies devise new strategies, as they search for a competitive place in their home markets and take advantage of emergent market opportunities. The historical context of centrally planned economy in the Czech Republic until 1989 suggests that internationalization has been an innovation for almost all Czech companies after political and economical changes in 1989. Transition process of the Czech economy, including its involvement in international exchange, and the developing globalization process mean that Czech companies have rapidly begun to internationalize their activities. Opening of new markets for the Czech companies has created the potential for expansion and investment. The growing interest in doing business in foreign markets gives rise to interests in internationalization in a broader context.