The incidence of chronic renal failure has been disturbingly increasing during the previous decades, and it has been increasingly considered as a global health problem. The availability of renal replacement therapy and its quality are much less in developing countries than in the advanced countries. The lack of effective, convenient and affordable therapy for chronic renal failure in many regions of the world should not mean should that the patients with advanced chronic renal failure are left without other suitable, convenient and acceptable care. Therefore, the need for a more robust and more convenient therapy for chronic renal failure has been increasingly emphasized during the previous two decades. A novel urea lowering dietary therapy that could provide a novel paradigm for the management of chronic renal failure has been described. This new dietary therapy was used in combination with the traditional known therapies of chronic renal failure, and has been increasingly knownas intestinal dialysis.