Islamic finance has grown significantly in recent years and is now considered a viable alternative to conventional finance. As with any financial system, it is essential to ensure that it adheres to Shariah principles and is compliant with Islamic law. The aim of this book is to provide an in-depth analysis of the best practices and challenges in ensuring Shariah compliance in Islamic finance, with a particular focus on GCC financial institutions. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is a regional intergovernmental political and economic union comprising six Arab states: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). These countries are home to some of the largest and most successful Islamic financial institutions in the world. The GCC region has been instrumental in the development of Islamic finance and continues to be at the forefront of innovation in this sector. This book will explore the various aspects of Shariah compliance in Islamic finance, including the historical and theological background, the current state of the industry, and the challenges faced by financial institutions operating in the GCC region.