This book explores the religious aspects of Van Gujjar identity. In the context of forest conservation discourse, local government efforts to relocate the Gujjars outside Rajaji National Park (RNP) in Uttarakhand, India, have been crucial in the Gujjar choice to associate with NGOs and Deobandi Muslims. Based on documents and interviews, this detailed study explores both the continuing expansion of Islamic Deobandi reform and the responses of indigenous groups such as the Gujjars. It points towards the role of Islam in integrating marginal groups within wider society in South Asia.