The present book is an attempt to bring together all the decisions of the Hon'ble supreme court about the Indian prison system and the rights of the prisoners. The concept of punishment is based on isolation theory. Since punishment is amatter of societal abhorrence that an act will be considered to be a crime,the punishment to the culprit is also given by the society & in the societal perception in general, such an accused or culprit shall be kept in isolation from the rest of the society. If he is set free, he may repeat the crime &moreover, the very fact that he is moving freely in society would create fear and apprehension in society. Therefore in general imprisonment is provided in criminal matters. This study further attempts to analyze the way in which our Judiciary and Legislations have attempted to deal with the said problem and also the approach which should be adopted for making reforms in the said field.