In this exercise, I try to ask a primordial question which consists of seeking the specificity of the relationship or the link between two opposing disciplines: theology and politics. We see in this work that the presence of theology in our daily lives is always a subject of discussion. To analyze this question, we will return to the philosophy of Locke. This thinker wrote several articles explaining that human affairs do not need the teachings of the Church. In this context, Locke finds the solution in the need to establish a civil state whose creator is man. But this new political development was not easy to achieve. In this perspective he must find a clever way out at a time when religion is absolutely dominant. This is the exercise that we have been working on throughout this attempt. In this attempt we are obliged to resort particularly to the political philosophy of Hobbes, solely to compare the two philosophers. In this work we have also attempted to dialogue with Locke - from different points of view on the political present - as well as with a group of contemporary thinkers on the theological-political question.