Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Joseph Gales, Jr. (1786 July 21, 1860) was an American journalist, born in Eckington, Derbyshire, England. His father, Joseph Gales, Sr. (1760 1841), was a printer in Sheffield, who was compelled to emigrate to America in 1795 because of his republican principles. The son was educated at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, followed the trade of his father, and in 1807 settled in Washington, where he became the assistant and partner of Samuel Harrison Smith in the publication of the National Intelligencer.