The monograph is based on a systematic and comprehensive general theoretical study of the essence and content of judicial control in modern Russia.In the work judicial control is considered as a type of state control; hence firstly the genesis and essence of state control and its types are investigated. On this basis, the concept, essence and content of judicial control have been studied. Particular attention is paid to the general theoretical characteristics (concept, characteristics, objectives, functions, principles, procedural form, content, etc.) of the judicial control mechanism, the functioning of which mediates judicial control, brings it to the practical plane.The work, taking into account judicial practice, shows some problems and directions of increasing the effectiveness of judicial control and its mechanism, draws certain conclusions and makes proposals that can be used in lawmaking, law enforcement (including justice) and in further scientific research.