This book discovers on the Malaysian tribe of the Kadazandusuns and how poverty is impacting them. Also to examine the effect of the ethnic self-identity of the Kadazandusun people on their cultural heritage. Kadazandusun has its special traditional rituals and slight differences in the design of their traditional costume, their dialect and their traditional music rhythm. However, we believe all these sub-ethnicities of the Kadazandusun within the Dusunic language family share a broad similarity in terms of their cultural heritage and ways of life. Back in the 1960s, the KadazanDusun made up 40 per cent of the total population of Sabah, but now they only make up 18 per cent and the Murut only three per cent of the State's population of more than three million. The focus of this study is the Kadazandusun. In Sabah, there are 32 officially recognized ethnic groups with their own culture; traditional culture still influences the everyday life of most Sabahans. We were interested in examining the effect of ethnic self-identity that we believe may derive from traditional music and traditional costume s on the sense of community and its four types of the Kadazandusun community in Sabah.