The book represents the results of a study of archetypes, chtonotypes, mental causes and symbols of Kazakh culture presented by Ph.D., professor Tursun Gabitov and his students. Kazakhstan needs a new national idea and new identification of mentality. Today, therefore, the Kazakh national, not nationalist, idea, having fulfilled its historic mission, must be transformed into common Kazakh, Eurasian idea that will be universal and is dialogic in nature. The main thesis of scientific papers were presented at various international conferences.