Tunisia, like all countries in the world, is experiencing the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and its healthcare system is under constant stress to contain the influx of patients and reduce the number of deaths. Our study was conducted using a qualitative approach, with the aim of carrying out an in-depth analysis of the relationship of individuals and population groups to the COVID-19 disease in all its dimensions, and in particular that linked to COVID-19 vaccination, among 8 groups selected according to a reasoned choice. Our study was carried out during the month of December 2020, at a time when pharmaceutical firms began announcing the performance of their vaccine candidates in terms of efficacy, in particular, offering humanity prospects of victory over the pandemic. Unfortunately, these announcements generated not only the hope of a final victory, but also a great deal of controversy surrounding the anti-COVID vaccination, its usefulness, its dangers and/or the quality of the published results. Vaccino-hostiles, for their part, went wild to cast doubt on the benefits of such vaccination.