Land acquisition and incidences of communal conflicts has become the 21st Century monster in Sub-Sahara Africa in which both the Local and International communities are finding it difficult to tame or eliminate.Land acquisition has not only taken the central stage in the strategic calculation of the Sub-Sahara Africa, it has also completely altered the shape of the regional security equation. Apart from the universalization the treat to National/regional peace and security, communal conflict has devalued the unity of different ethic and tribal groupings in Nigeria.The crises recorded numerous losses of lives, destruction of properties and serious demographic decay. This book therefore, is a response to these challenges. The book is a product of extensive research by different groups particularly reports from different mediating communities/panels set up by different government particularly those of Cross River State, Nigeria. To guide the reader in this book, it has become necessary to assemble this work into twelve chapters.