In the intervening years since the publication of Volume I, the develop ment of new uses for the various types of lasers has proceeded at a rate more rapid than even the most fanciful dreamers envisioned. Of course, the main effort has been on the laser itself-new wavelengths, shorter and longer time domains for pulses, increases in power, and, most important, greater reliability. In its first stage the laser was described as a solution in search of a problem. The production of holograms was one problem whose solution seemed to involve large number of lasers. However that proposal had its own…mehr
In the intervening years since the publication of Volume I, the develop ment of new uses for the various types of lasers has proceeded at a rate more rapid than even the most fanciful dreamers envisioned. Of course, the main effort has been on the laser itself-new wavelengths, shorter and longer time domains for pulses, increases in power, and, most important, greater reliability. In its first stage the laser was described as a solution in search of a problem. The production of holograms was one problem whose solution seemed to involve large number of lasers. However that proposal had its own difficulties, for the hologram itself was described as a solution searching for a problem. But all of that now is a chapter from ancient history . On the current scene the laser is used in industrial pro duction lines, as a classroom item at all levels of education, and in com mercial usage such that the public is generally exposed to the laser devices themselves. Trial runs have been made, e. g. , of laser-based supermarket checkout devices and as commercial exploitation of this item begins, cer tainly many more similar adaptations will follow. However, the shift in emphasis from research usage of lasers to de velopment and production has been relative rather than absolute. The use of the laser in research has not lessened; rather it has grown at as fast a pace. Yet a similar trend is seen there also.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
1 Microbeams.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Instrumentation.- 3. Methodologies Employed with Microbeam Irradiation.- 4. Studies on Cell Function and Structure.- 5. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 Lasers in Ophthalmology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Coherence.- 3. Consequences of Coherence.- 4. Lasers.- 5. The Eye.- 6. The Laser Refractor.- 7. Laser Acuity Testing.- 8. Retinal Visual Acuity in the Case of Cataracts.- 9. The Laser Cane.- 10. Laser Treatment for Corneal Ulcers.- 11. Laser Photocoagulation.- 12. Conclusion.- References.- 3 Holography of the Eye: A Critical Review.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Possible Methods of Hologram Formation.- 4. Methods of Achieving Magnification.- 5. Special Holographic Techniques.- 6. Choice of Parameters.- 7. Speckle.- 8. Holograms of the Eye.- 9. Proposed Applications of Ocular Holography.- 10. Summary.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix-Information Content of Eye Holograms.- References.- 4 Quantitative Laser Microprobe Analysis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Instrumentation.- 3. Standardization.- 4. Sample Preparation.- 5. Applications.- 6. Sensitivity.- 7. Laser Microprobe vs. Other Probes.- 8. Conclusions.- References.- 5 Laser Flow Microphotometers for Rapid Analysis and Sorting of Individual Mammalian Cells.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Flow Microphotometry.- 3. Flow Microfluorometry (FMF).- 4. Biological Applications of FMF II.- 5. Preparation of Cell Samples for FMF Analysis.- 6. Multiparameter Cell Analysis and Sorting.- 7. Light Scattering.- 8. Future Applications.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Biological Damage Resulting from Thermal Pulses.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Calculation of the Temperature Distribution.- 3. Chemical Rate Equations.- 4. Biological Results at Elevated Temperatures.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 7 LaserProtective Eyewear.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Laser Viewing Enhancement Goggles.- 4. Parameters of Laser Eye Protection.- 5. Methods of Construction.- 6. Selecting Appropriate Eyewear.- 7. Commercial Sources of Laser Eye Protection.- 8. Testing Laser Eye Protection.- 9. Marking of Eye Protection.- 10. Eye Protection for Infrared Lasers.- 11. Eye Protection for Pump Lamps and Tunable Wavelength Lasers.- 12. Polarizing Filters.- 13. Dynamic Eye Protection Devices.- 14. Future Developments.- References.- 8 Lasers in Surgery.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Critical Review and History of Laser Surgery.- 3. Carbon Dioxide Laser Surgery.- 4. Surgical Applications of Other Lasers.- 5. The Future of Lasers in Surgery.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 9 The Carbon Dioxide Laser in Clinical Surgery.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Observations on the Applicability of the Carbon Dioxide Laser in Specific Clinical Conditions.- 3. Design and Development of a New Carbon Dioxide Surgical Laser.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 10 The Formulation of Protection Standards for Lasers.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Analysis of Safety Regulations in Massachusetts.- 3. The Outlook for Federal Regulations.- 4. State Regulations in the United States.- 5. Protection Standards for Retinal Hazards: Considerations of Biological Data.- 6. The Selection of Proper Format and Levels-Neither Too Detailed Nor Too Conservative.- 7. Extrapolation.- 8. The ANSI-Z-136 Standards.- 9. Other Standards.- 10. Present Problems and Future Plans.- References.- 11 Dentistry and the Laser.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Early Laser Investigations.- 3. Investigations Leading to Laser-Induced Caries Inhibition.- 4. Laser Effects on Dental Soft Tissue.- 5. Potential Applications.- 6. Summary.- Acknowledgments.-References.- Author Index.
1 Microbeams.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Instrumentation.- 3. Methodologies Employed with Microbeam Irradiation.- 4. Studies on Cell Function and Structure.- 5. Conclusion.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 2 Lasers in Ophthalmology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Coherence.- 3. Consequences of Coherence.- 4. Lasers.- 5. The Eye.- 6. The Laser Refractor.- 7. Laser Acuity Testing.- 8. Retinal Visual Acuity in the Case of Cataracts.- 9. The Laser Cane.- 10. Laser Treatment for Corneal Ulcers.- 11. Laser Photocoagulation.- 12. Conclusion.- References.- 3 Holography of the Eye: A Critical Review.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Possible Methods of Hologram Formation.- 4. Methods of Achieving Magnification.- 5. Special Holographic Techniques.- 6. Choice of Parameters.- 7. Speckle.- 8. Holograms of the Eye.- 9. Proposed Applications of Ocular Holography.- 10. Summary.- Acknowledgments.- Appendix-Information Content of Eye Holograms.- References.- 4 Quantitative Laser Microprobe Analysis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Instrumentation.- 3. Standardization.- 4. Sample Preparation.- 5. Applications.- 6. Sensitivity.- 7. Laser Microprobe vs. Other Probes.- 8. Conclusions.- References.- 5 Laser Flow Microphotometers for Rapid Analysis and Sorting of Individual Mammalian Cells.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Flow Microphotometry.- 3. Flow Microfluorometry (FMF).- 4. Biological Applications of FMF II.- 5. Preparation of Cell Samples for FMF Analysis.- 6. Multiparameter Cell Analysis and Sorting.- 7. Light Scattering.- 8. Future Applications.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 6 Biological Damage Resulting from Thermal Pulses.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Calculation of the Temperature Distribution.- 3. Chemical Rate Equations.- 4. Biological Results at Elevated Temperatures.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 7 LaserProtective Eyewear.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Applications.- 3. Laser Viewing Enhancement Goggles.- 4. Parameters of Laser Eye Protection.- 5. Methods of Construction.- 6. Selecting Appropriate Eyewear.- 7. Commercial Sources of Laser Eye Protection.- 8. Testing Laser Eye Protection.- 9. Marking of Eye Protection.- 10. Eye Protection for Infrared Lasers.- 11. Eye Protection for Pump Lamps and Tunable Wavelength Lasers.- 12. Polarizing Filters.- 13. Dynamic Eye Protection Devices.- 14. Future Developments.- References.- 8 Lasers in Surgery.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Critical Review and History of Laser Surgery.- 3. Carbon Dioxide Laser Surgery.- 4. Surgical Applications of Other Lasers.- 5. The Future of Lasers in Surgery.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- Acknowledgments.- References.- 9 The Carbon Dioxide Laser in Clinical Surgery.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Observations on the Applicability of the Carbon Dioxide Laser in Specific Clinical Conditions.- 3. Design and Development of a New Carbon Dioxide Surgical Laser.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 10 The Formulation of Protection Standards for Lasers.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Analysis of Safety Regulations in Massachusetts.- 3. The Outlook for Federal Regulations.- 4. State Regulations in the United States.- 5. Protection Standards for Retinal Hazards: Considerations of Biological Data.- 6. The Selection of Proper Format and Levels-Neither Too Detailed Nor Too Conservative.- 7. Extrapolation.- 8. The ANSI-Z-136 Standards.- 9. Other Standards.- 10. Present Problems and Future Plans.- References.- 11 Dentistry and the Laser.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Early Laser Investigations.- 3. Investigations Leading to Laser-Induced Caries Inhibition.- 4. Laser Effects on Dental Soft Tissue.- 5. Potential Applications.- 6. Summary.- Acknowledgments.-References.- Author Index.
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