The livelihoods of most people in Sub Saharan Africa largely depend on natural resources like forests. But these resources have been degrading mainly because of anthropegnic related factors. Most efforts exerted to rehabilitate degraded resources and manage the remaining ones have not been successful.On the other hand, people have not accumulated wealth from the utilzation of these resources that could stimulate and sustain their economic development when the resources depelet. Thus,pressures on the remaining resources have continued.This book provides emprical findings on efforts to manage the remining patches of forests and issues related to livelihood from Ethiopia. It explores local peoples'' livelihoods with regard to natural resource managment.It vastly dewlls on the critical evaluation of the approaches forest owning Organizations have been pursuing and benefits and opportunities sprang to local people from the approaches. Based on the wide literature review provided and findings of this empirical study,the book provides future directions for sustainable forest managment and livelihood development.