Malignant liver tumors comprise approximately more than 1% of all pediatric malignancies. Between 100 and 150 new cases of liver tumors are diagnosed annually in the United States. Of all liver tumors diagnosed in children, two-thirds of these tumors represent a malignant etiology. Unlike liver tumors in adults, where the prominent histology is hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma accounts for two-thirds of liver tumors in children. Other types of malignant neoplasms in children include Sarcomas, Germ Cell Tumors and Rhabdoid Tumors, as well as Hepatocellular Carcinoma. The histology and anatomy of a pediatric liver tumor guides treatment and prognosis.