Alice Oshima, Ann Hogue
Longman Academic Writing Series 3: Paragrahs to Essays SB w/App, Online Practice & Digital Resources
Alice Oshima, Ann Hogue
Longman Academic Writing Series 3: Paragrahs to Essays SB w/App, Online Practice & Digital Resources
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The Longman Academic Writing Series helps English language students master the writing skills needed to succeed in their academic careers. The fi ve-level series spans writing topics from composing sentences to writing research papers. Each level covers the complete writing process from prewriting to revision. Level 3 teaches intermediate students to write various genres of academic paragraphs and essays. The text's proven approach integrates training in grammar, mechanics, vocabulary, sentence structure, and paragraph and essay organization along with the writing process. Features * Realistic…mehr
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The Longman Academic Writing Series helps English language students master the writing skills needed to succeed in their academic careers. The fi ve-level series spans writing topics from composing sentences to writing research papers. Each level covers the complete writing process from prewriting to revision. Level 3 teaches intermediate students to write various genres of academic paragraphs and essays. The text's proven approach integrates training in grammar, mechanics, vocabulary, sentence structure, and paragraph and essay organization along with the writing process. Features * Realistic writing models and systematic practice empower students to write effectively in different genres. Clear explanations help students grasp and apply key concepts. * Sentence structure, grammar, and mechanics instruction helps students develop key writing skills. * A step-by-step approach guides students seamlessly through the writing process. * Vocabulary sections help students develop language awareness and improve the quality of their writing. Writing Tips provide useful strategies to enhance students' writing experience. * Writing Expansions, including journals, timed writing, and summarizing, build written fluency and test-taking skills. Enhanced Digital Practice * An improved MyEnglishLab includes additional practice activities and assessments. * The Pearson Practice English App allows students to complete vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure activities on their mobile devices.
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Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Pearson Education Limited
- 4 ed
- Seitenzahl: 304
- Erscheinungstermin: 16. Mai 2020
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 275mm x 210mm x 14mm
- Gewicht: 628g
- ISBN-13: 9780136838531
- ISBN-10: 0136838537
- Artikelnr.: 60172155
- Verlag: Pearson Education Limited
- 4 ed
- Seitenzahl: 304
- Erscheinungstermin: 16. Mai 2020
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 275mm x 210mm x 14mm
- Gewicht: 628g
- ISBN-13: 9780136838531
- ISBN-10: 0136838537
- Artikelnr.: 60172155
To the
Teacher.......................................................................................................................
xi
Acknowledgments...............................................................................................................
xii
Chapter
Overview................................................................................................................xiii
PART I: WRITING A PARAGRAPH
Chapter 1 Academic
Paragraphs...................................................................2
Introduction
...................................................................................................................3
Analyzing the
Model......................................................................................................3
Noticing Vocabulary: Word Families
......................................................................4
Organization
.................................................................................................................5
Formatting the
Page.....................................................................................................6
Mechanics
...................................................................................................................10
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................14
Simple
Sentences.......................................................................................................14
Phrases.........................................................................................................................15
Subject-Verb
Agreement............................................................................................16
Fragments.....................................................................................................................18
Applying Vocabulary: Using Nouns and
Verbs.....................................................19
The Writing Process
................................................................................................21
Listing
...........................................................................................................................21
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Someone Who Made a Difference......27
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................29
Expansion
....................................................................................................................29
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Someone Who Taught You a Lesson.........29
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................30
Chapter 2 Narrative
Paragraphs...................................................................31
Introduction
.................................................................................................................32
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................32
Noticing Vocabulary: Compound
Nouns...............................................................33
Organization
...............................................................................................................34
Time-Order
Signals.....................................................................................................34
Purpose
.........................................................................................................................38
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................39
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................39
Compound
Sentences................................................................................................40
Coordinating
Conjunctions........................................................................................41
Punctuation
.................................................................................................................44
Three Comma
Rules...................................................................................................44
Applying Vocabulary: Using Compound
Nouns...................................................46
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................46
Freewriting....................................................................................................................47
Writing Assignment: A Narrative Paragraph about a Memorable
Experience....48
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................49
Expansion
....................................................................................................................49
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Time You Disobeyed
Rules.......................49
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................50
Chapter 3 Basic Paragraph
Structure......................................................51
Introduction
.................................................................................................................52
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................52
Noticing Vocabulary: Adjectives
...........................................................................53
Organization
...............................................................................................................54
The Topic
Sentence....................................................................................................54
Supporting Sentences: Main
Points.........................................................................61
Supporting Details:
Examples...................................................................................62
The Concluding
Sentence..........................................................................................64
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................69
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................69
Adjectives and Adverbs in Basic
Sentences...........................................................70
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Adjectives.................................................................72
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................73
Outlining........................................................................................................................73
The Detailed
Outline....................................................................................................74
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about a Hobby or
Sport...............................76
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................77
Expansion
....................................................................................................................77
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Relaxing
Activity.........................................77
Summary
Writing.........................................................................................................78
Chapter 4 Logical Division of
Ideas...........................................................79
Introduction
.................................................................................................................80
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................80
Noticing Vocabulary:
Synonyms.............................................................................81
Organization
...............................................................................................................82
Logical Division of
Ideas............................................................................................82
Unity in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph................................................85
Coherence in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph......................................86
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................96
Run-ons and Comma
Splices...................................................................................96
Correcting Run-ons and Comma
Splices................................................................96
Finding Run-ons and Comma
Splices.....................................................................96
Applying Vocabulary: Using Synonyms and Near
Synonyms............................99
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Shopping
Habits................................99
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................100
Expansion
..................................................................................................................101
Timed Writing: A Paragraph for Students about
Shopping...............................101
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................101
Chapter 5 Process
Paragraphs...................................................................102
Introduction
...............................................................................................................103
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................103
Noticing Vocabulary: Phrasal
Verbs.....................................................................104
Organization
.............................................................................................................105
Topic Sentences in Process
Paragraphs...............................................................105
Supporting Sentences in Process
Paragraphs.....................................................105
Concluding Sentences in Process
Paragraphs....................................................105
Using Time Order in Process
Paragraphs.............................................................106
Purpose
.......................................................................................................................109
Audience
....................................................................................................................109
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................110
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................110
Clauses and Complex
Sentences...........................................................................112
Applying Vocabulary: Using Phrasal
Verbs.........................................................117
Writing Assignment: A Process Paragraph about
Self-Improvement.............118
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................119
Expansion
..................................................................................................................120
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Learning English
Vocabulary.....................120
Email to a
Professor..................................................................................................120
Chapter 6 Definition
Paragraphs................................................................121
Introduction
...............................................................................................................122
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................122
Noticing Vocabulary: Word
Knowledge...............................................................123
Organization
.............................................................................................................124
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................128
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................128
Appositives.................................................................................................................129
Adjective
Clauses......................................................................................................131
Complex Sentences with Adjective
Clauses.........................................................133
Applying Vocabulary: Using Word
Knowledge...................................................142
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................143
Clustering...................................................................................................................143
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph That Defines a Word, Concept, or
Custom....144
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................145
Expansion
..................................................................................................................146
Timed Writing: A Paragraph That Defines
Family................................................146
Paraphrasing..............................................................................................................146
Chapter 7 Cause / Effect
Paragraphs.....................................................148
Introduction
...............................................................................................................149
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................149
Noticing Vocabulary:
Prefixes...............................................................................150
Organization
.............................................................................................................151
Topic Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs....................................................151
Supporting Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Concluding Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................160
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................160
Cause / Effect Transition
Signals............................................................................161
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Prefixes...................................................................167
Writing Assignment: A Cause / Effect Paragraph about a Social
Issue.........168
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................169
Expansion
..................................................................................................................169
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about the Positive Effects of
Walking..................169
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................170
Chapter 8 Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs................................171
Introduction
...............................................................................................................172
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................172
Noticing Vocabulary:
Antonyms...........................................................................173
Organization
.............................................................................................................174
Topic Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs.....................................175
Supporting Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs...........................175
Concluding Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs..........................176
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................182
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................182
Transition Signals for
Comparison..........................................................................183
Transition Signals for
Contrast................................................................................187
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Antonyms................................................................190
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................191
Conducting an
Interview..........................................................................................191
Writing Assignment: A Comparison / Contrast Paragraph about
Education....194
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................195
Expansion
..................................................................................................................195
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Your Education vs. a
Parent’s....................195
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................196
PART II: WRITING AN ESSAY
Chapter 9 Essay
Organization......................................................................198
Introduction
...............................................................................................................199
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................199
Noticing Vocabulary: Formal and Informal
Words.............................................201
Organization
.............................................................................................................202
Introductory
Paragraphs..........................................................................................203
Body
Paragraphs.......................................................................................................205
Concluding
Paragraphs............................................................................................206
Transitions between
Paragraphs.............................................................................209
Essay
Outlining..........................................................................................................213
The Writing Process
..............................................................................................215
Applying Vocabulary: Using Formal and Informal
Vocabulary.........................218
Writing Assignment: An Essay about Nonverbal
Communication..................219
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................220
Expansion
..................................................................................................................221
Timed Writing: An Essay about Body Language in Your Native
Culture..........221
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................221
Chapter 10 Opinion
Essays............................................................................222
Introduction
...............................................................................................................223
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................223
Noticing Vocabulary:
Collocations.......................................................................225
Organization
.............................................................................................................226
Introductory Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays..........................................................226
Body Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays......................................................................228
Concluding Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays...........................................................230
Developing Supporting Details
.........................................................................230
Quotations..................................................................................................................230
Statistics.....................................................................................................................232
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Collocations...........................................................235
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................236
Conducting a
Survey................................................................................................236
Writing Assignment: An Opinion Essay about Getting a Good
Education.......237
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................238
Expansion
..................................................................................................................238
Timed Writing: An Opinion Essay about
Homework...........................................238
Writing an Opinion for
Publication..........................................................................239
APPENDICES
Appendix A Grammar
Terms....................................................................................240
Appendix B Sentence Types and Connecting
Words..........................................243
Appendix C Connecting Words and Transition
Signals.......................................246
Appendix D Punctuation
Rules................................................................................248
Appendix E Correction
Symbols.............................................................................250
Appendix F Peer Review and Writer’s Self-Check
Worksheets..........................253
Index....................................................................................................................................274
Credits.................................................................................................................................279
Teacher.......................................................................................................................
xi
Acknowledgments...............................................................................................................
xii
Chapter
Overview................................................................................................................xiii
PART I: WRITING A PARAGRAPH
Chapter 1 Academic
Paragraphs...................................................................2
Introduction
...................................................................................................................3
Analyzing the
Model......................................................................................................3
Noticing Vocabulary: Word Families
......................................................................4
Organization
.................................................................................................................5
Formatting the
Page.....................................................................................................6
Mechanics
...................................................................................................................10
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................14
Simple
Sentences.......................................................................................................14
Phrases.........................................................................................................................15
Subject-Verb
Agreement............................................................................................16
Fragments.....................................................................................................................18
Applying Vocabulary: Using Nouns and
Verbs.....................................................19
The Writing Process
................................................................................................21
Listing
...........................................................................................................................21
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Someone Who Made a Difference......27
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................29
Expansion
....................................................................................................................29
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Someone Who Taught You a Lesson.........29
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................30
Chapter 2 Narrative
Paragraphs...................................................................31
Introduction
.................................................................................................................32
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................32
Noticing Vocabulary: Compound
Nouns...............................................................33
Organization
...............................................................................................................34
Time-Order
Signals.....................................................................................................34
Purpose
.........................................................................................................................38
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................39
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................39
Compound
Sentences................................................................................................40
Coordinating
Conjunctions........................................................................................41
Punctuation
.................................................................................................................44
Three Comma
Rules...................................................................................................44
Applying Vocabulary: Using Compound
Nouns...................................................46
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................46
Freewriting....................................................................................................................47
Writing Assignment: A Narrative Paragraph about a Memorable
Experience....48
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................49
Expansion
....................................................................................................................49
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Time You Disobeyed
Rules.......................49
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................50
Chapter 3 Basic Paragraph
Structure......................................................51
Introduction
.................................................................................................................52
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................52
Noticing Vocabulary: Adjectives
...........................................................................53
Organization
...............................................................................................................54
The Topic
Sentence....................................................................................................54
Supporting Sentences: Main
Points.........................................................................61
Supporting Details:
Examples...................................................................................62
The Concluding
Sentence..........................................................................................64
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................69
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................69
Adjectives and Adverbs in Basic
Sentences...........................................................70
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Adjectives.................................................................72
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................73
Outlining........................................................................................................................73
The Detailed
Outline....................................................................................................74
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about a Hobby or
Sport...............................76
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................77
Expansion
....................................................................................................................77
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Relaxing
Activity.........................................77
Summary
Writing.........................................................................................................78
Chapter 4 Logical Division of
Ideas...........................................................79
Introduction
.................................................................................................................80
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................80
Noticing Vocabulary:
Synonyms.............................................................................81
Organization
...............................................................................................................82
Logical Division of
Ideas............................................................................................82
Unity in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph................................................85
Coherence in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph......................................86
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................96
Run-ons and Comma
Splices...................................................................................96
Correcting Run-ons and Comma
Splices................................................................96
Finding Run-ons and Comma
Splices.....................................................................96
Applying Vocabulary: Using Synonyms and Near
Synonyms............................99
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Shopping
Habits................................99
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................100
Expansion
..................................................................................................................101
Timed Writing: A Paragraph for Students about
Shopping...............................101
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................101
Chapter 5 Process
Paragraphs...................................................................102
Introduction
...............................................................................................................103
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................103
Noticing Vocabulary: Phrasal
Verbs.....................................................................104
Organization
.............................................................................................................105
Topic Sentences in Process
Paragraphs...............................................................105
Supporting Sentences in Process
Paragraphs.....................................................105
Concluding Sentences in Process
Paragraphs....................................................105
Using Time Order in Process
Paragraphs.............................................................106
Purpose
.......................................................................................................................109
Audience
....................................................................................................................109
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................110
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................110
Clauses and Complex
Sentences...........................................................................112
Applying Vocabulary: Using Phrasal
Verbs.........................................................117
Writing Assignment: A Process Paragraph about
Self-Improvement.............118
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................119
Expansion
..................................................................................................................120
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Learning English
Vocabulary.....................120
Email to a
Professor..................................................................................................120
Chapter 6 Definition
Paragraphs................................................................121
Introduction
...............................................................................................................122
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................122
Noticing Vocabulary: Word
Knowledge...............................................................123
Organization
.............................................................................................................124
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................128
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................128
Appositives.................................................................................................................129
Adjective
Clauses......................................................................................................131
Complex Sentences with Adjective
Clauses.........................................................133
Applying Vocabulary: Using Word
Knowledge...................................................142
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................143
Clustering...................................................................................................................143
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph That Defines a Word, Concept, or
Custom....144
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................145
Expansion
..................................................................................................................146
Timed Writing: A Paragraph That Defines
Family................................................146
Paraphrasing..............................................................................................................146
Chapter 7 Cause / Effect
Paragraphs.....................................................148
Introduction
...............................................................................................................149
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................149
Noticing Vocabulary:
Prefixes...............................................................................150
Organization
.............................................................................................................151
Topic Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs....................................................151
Supporting Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Concluding Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................160
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................160
Cause / Effect Transition
Signals............................................................................161
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Prefixes...................................................................167
Writing Assignment: A Cause / Effect Paragraph about a Social
Issue.........168
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................169
Expansion
..................................................................................................................169
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about the Positive Effects of
Walking..................169
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................170
Chapter 8 Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs................................171
Introduction
...............................................................................................................172
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................172
Noticing Vocabulary:
Antonyms...........................................................................173
Organization
.............................................................................................................174
Topic Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs.....................................175
Supporting Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs...........................175
Concluding Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs..........................176
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................182
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................182
Transition Signals for
Comparison..........................................................................183
Transition Signals for
Contrast................................................................................187
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Antonyms................................................................190
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................191
Conducting an
Interview..........................................................................................191
Writing Assignment: A Comparison / Contrast Paragraph about
Education....194
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................195
Expansion
..................................................................................................................195
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Your Education vs. a
Parent’s....................195
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................196
PART II: WRITING AN ESSAY
Chapter 9 Essay
Organization......................................................................198
Introduction
...............................................................................................................199
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................199
Noticing Vocabulary: Formal and Informal
Words.............................................201
Organization
.............................................................................................................202
Introductory
Paragraphs..........................................................................................203
Body
Paragraphs.......................................................................................................205
Concluding
Paragraphs............................................................................................206
Transitions between
Paragraphs.............................................................................209
Essay
Outlining..........................................................................................................213
The Writing Process
..............................................................................................215
Applying Vocabulary: Using Formal and Informal
Vocabulary.........................218
Writing Assignment: An Essay about Nonverbal
Communication..................219
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................220
Expansion
..................................................................................................................221
Timed Writing: An Essay about Body Language in Your Native
Culture..........221
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................221
Chapter 10 Opinion
Essays............................................................................222
Introduction
...............................................................................................................223
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................223
Noticing Vocabulary:
Collocations.......................................................................225
Organization
.............................................................................................................226
Introductory Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays..........................................................226
Body Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays......................................................................228
Concluding Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays...........................................................230
Developing Supporting Details
.........................................................................230
Quotations..................................................................................................................230
Statistics.....................................................................................................................232
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Collocations...........................................................235
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................236
Conducting a
Survey................................................................................................236
Writing Assignment: An Opinion Essay about Getting a Good
Education.......237
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................238
Expansion
..................................................................................................................238
Timed Writing: An Opinion Essay about
Homework...........................................238
Writing an Opinion for
Publication..........................................................................239
APPENDICES
Appendix A Grammar
Terms....................................................................................240
Appendix B Sentence Types and Connecting
Words..........................................243
Appendix C Connecting Words and Transition
Signals.......................................246
Appendix D Punctuation
Rules................................................................................248
Appendix E Correction
Symbols.............................................................................250
Appendix F Peer Review and Writer’s Self-Check
Worksheets..........................253
Index....................................................................................................................................274
Credits.................................................................................................................................279
To the
Teacher.......................................................................................................................
xi
Acknowledgments...............................................................................................................
xii
Chapter
Overview................................................................................................................xiii
PART I: WRITING A PARAGRAPH
Chapter 1 Academic
Paragraphs...................................................................2
Introduction
...................................................................................................................3
Analyzing the
Model......................................................................................................3
Noticing Vocabulary: Word Families
......................................................................4
Organization
.................................................................................................................5
Formatting the
Page.....................................................................................................6
Mechanics
...................................................................................................................10
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................14
Simple
Sentences.......................................................................................................14
Phrases.........................................................................................................................15
Subject-Verb
Agreement............................................................................................16
Fragments.....................................................................................................................18
Applying Vocabulary: Using Nouns and
Verbs.....................................................19
The Writing Process
................................................................................................21
Listing
...........................................................................................................................21
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Someone Who Made a Difference......27
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................29
Expansion
....................................................................................................................29
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Someone Who Taught You a Lesson.........29
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................30
Chapter 2 Narrative
Paragraphs...................................................................31
Introduction
.................................................................................................................32
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................32
Noticing Vocabulary: Compound
Nouns...............................................................33
Organization
...............................................................................................................34
Time-Order
Signals.....................................................................................................34
Purpose
.........................................................................................................................38
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................39
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................39
Compound
Sentences................................................................................................40
Coordinating
Conjunctions........................................................................................41
Punctuation
.................................................................................................................44
Three Comma
Rules...................................................................................................44
Applying Vocabulary: Using Compound
Nouns...................................................46
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................46
Freewriting....................................................................................................................47
Writing Assignment: A Narrative Paragraph about a Memorable
Experience....48
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................49
Expansion
....................................................................................................................49
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Time You Disobeyed
Rules.......................49
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................50
Chapter 3 Basic Paragraph
Structure......................................................51
Introduction
.................................................................................................................52
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................52
Noticing Vocabulary: Adjectives
...........................................................................53
Organization
...............................................................................................................54
The Topic
Sentence....................................................................................................54
Supporting Sentences: Main
Points.........................................................................61
Supporting Details:
Examples...................................................................................62
The Concluding
Sentence..........................................................................................64
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................69
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................69
Adjectives and Adverbs in Basic
Sentences...........................................................70
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Adjectives.................................................................72
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................73
Outlining........................................................................................................................73
The Detailed
Outline....................................................................................................74
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about a Hobby or
Sport...............................76
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................77
Expansion
....................................................................................................................77
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Relaxing
Activity.........................................77
Summary
Writing.........................................................................................................78
Chapter 4 Logical Division of
Ideas...........................................................79
Introduction
.................................................................................................................80
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................80
Noticing Vocabulary:
Synonyms.............................................................................81
Organization
...............................................................................................................82
Logical Division of
Ideas............................................................................................82
Unity in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph................................................85
Coherence in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph......................................86
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................96
Run-ons and Comma
Splices...................................................................................96
Correcting Run-ons and Comma
Splices................................................................96
Finding Run-ons and Comma
Splices.....................................................................96
Applying Vocabulary: Using Synonyms and Near
Synonyms............................99
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Shopping
Habits................................99
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................100
Expansion
..................................................................................................................101
Timed Writing: A Paragraph for Students about
Shopping...............................101
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................101
Chapter 5 Process
Paragraphs...................................................................102
Introduction
...............................................................................................................103
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................103
Noticing Vocabulary: Phrasal
Verbs.....................................................................104
Organization
.............................................................................................................105
Topic Sentences in Process
Paragraphs...............................................................105
Supporting Sentences in Process
Paragraphs.....................................................105
Concluding Sentences in Process
Paragraphs....................................................105
Using Time Order in Process
Paragraphs.............................................................106
Purpose
.......................................................................................................................109
Audience
....................................................................................................................109
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................110
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................110
Clauses and Complex
Sentences...........................................................................112
Applying Vocabulary: Using Phrasal
Verbs.........................................................117
Writing Assignment: A Process Paragraph about
Self-Improvement.............118
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................119
Expansion
..................................................................................................................120
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Learning English
Vocabulary.....................120
Email to a
Professor..................................................................................................120
Chapter 6 Definition
Paragraphs................................................................121
Introduction
...............................................................................................................122
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................122
Noticing Vocabulary: Word
Knowledge...............................................................123
Organization
.............................................................................................................124
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................128
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................128
Appositives.................................................................................................................129
Adjective
Clauses......................................................................................................131
Complex Sentences with Adjective
Clauses.........................................................133
Applying Vocabulary: Using Word
Knowledge...................................................142
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................143
Clustering...................................................................................................................143
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph That Defines a Word, Concept, or
Custom....144
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................145
Expansion
..................................................................................................................146
Timed Writing: A Paragraph That Defines
Family................................................146
Paraphrasing..............................................................................................................146
Chapter 7 Cause / Effect
Paragraphs.....................................................148
Introduction
...............................................................................................................149
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................149
Noticing Vocabulary:
Prefixes...............................................................................150
Organization
.............................................................................................................151
Topic Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs....................................................151
Supporting Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Concluding Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................160
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................160
Cause / Effect Transition
Signals............................................................................161
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Prefixes...................................................................167
Writing Assignment: A Cause / Effect Paragraph about a Social
Issue.........168
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................169
Expansion
..................................................................................................................169
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about the Positive Effects of
Walking..................169
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................170
Chapter 8 Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs................................171
Introduction
...............................................................................................................172
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................172
Noticing Vocabulary:
Antonyms...........................................................................173
Organization
.............................................................................................................174
Topic Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs.....................................175
Supporting Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs...........................175
Concluding Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs..........................176
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................182
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................182
Transition Signals for
Comparison..........................................................................183
Transition Signals for
Contrast................................................................................187
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Antonyms................................................................190
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................191
Conducting an
Interview..........................................................................................191
Writing Assignment: A Comparison / Contrast Paragraph about
Education....194
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................195
Expansion
..................................................................................................................195
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Your Education vs. a
Parent’s....................195
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................196
PART II: WRITING AN ESSAY
Chapter 9 Essay
Organization......................................................................198
Introduction
...............................................................................................................199
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................199
Noticing Vocabulary: Formal and Informal
Words.............................................201
Organization
.............................................................................................................202
Introductory
Paragraphs..........................................................................................203
Body
Paragraphs.......................................................................................................205
Concluding
Paragraphs............................................................................................206
Transitions between
Paragraphs.............................................................................209
Essay
Outlining..........................................................................................................213
The Writing Process
..............................................................................................215
Applying Vocabulary: Using Formal and Informal
Vocabulary.........................218
Writing Assignment: An Essay about Nonverbal
Communication..................219
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................220
Expansion
..................................................................................................................221
Timed Writing: An Essay about Body Language in Your Native
Culture..........221
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................221
Chapter 10 Opinion
Essays............................................................................222
Introduction
...............................................................................................................223
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................223
Noticing Vocabulary:
Collocations.......................................................................225
Organization
.............................................................................................................226
Introductory Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays..........................................................226
Body Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays......................................................................228
Concluding Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays...........................................................230
Developing Supporting Details
.........................................................................230
Quotations..................................................................................................................230
Statistics.....................................................................................................................232
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Collocations...........................................................235
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................236
Conducting a
Survey................................................................................................236
Writing Assignment: An Opinion Essay about Getting a Good
Education.......237
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................238
Expansion
..................................................................................................................238
Timed Writing: An Opinion Essay about
Homework...........................................238
Writing an Opinion for
Publication..........................................................................239
APPENDICES
Appendix A Grammar
Terms....................................................................................240
Appendix B Sentence Types and Connecting
Words..........................................243
Appendix C Connecting Words and Transition
Signals.......................................246
Appendix D Punctuation
Rules................................................................................248
Appendix E Correction
Symbols.............................................................................250
Appendix F Peer Review and Writer’s Self-Check
Worksheets..........................253
Index....................................................................................................................................274
Credits.................................................................................................................................279
Teacher.......................................................................................................................
xi
Acknowledgments...............................................................................................................
xii
Chapter
Overview................................................................................................................xiii
PART I: WRITING A PARAGRAPH
Chapter 1 Academic
Paragraphs...................................................................2
Introduction
...................................................................................................................3
Analyzing the
Model......................................................................................................3
Noticing Vocabulary: Word Families
......................................................................4
Organization
.................................................................................................................5
Formatting the
Page.....................................................................................................6
Mechanics
...................................................................................................................10
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................14
Simple
Sentences.......................................................................................................14
Phrases.........................................................................................................................15
Subject-Verb
Agreement............................................................................................16
Fragments.....................................................................................................................18
Applying Vocabulary: Using Nouns and
Verbs.....................................................19
The Writing Process
................................................................................................21
Listing
...........................................................................................................................21
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Someone Who Made a Difference......27
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................29
Expansion
....................................................................................................................29
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Someone Who Taught You a Lesson.........29
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................30
Chapter 2 Narrative
Paragraphs...................................................................31
Introduction
.................................................................................................................32
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................32
Noticing Vocabulary: Compound
Nouns...............................................................33
Organization
...............................................................................................................34
Time-Order
Signals.....................................................................................................34
Purpose
.........................................................................................................................38
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................39
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................39
Compound
Sentences................................................................................................40
Coordinating
Conjunctions........................................................................................41
Punctuation
.................................................................................................................44
Three Comma
Rules...................................................................................................44
Applying Vocabulary: Using Compound
Nouns...................................................46
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................46
Freewriting....................................................................................................................47
Writing Assignment: A Narrative Paragraph about a Memorable
Experience....48
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................49
Expansion
....................................................................................................................49
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Time You Disobeyed
Rules.......................49
Journal
Writing.............................................................................................................50
Chapter 3 Basic Paragraph
Structure......................................................51
Introduction
.................................................................................................................52
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................52
Noticing Vocabulary: Adjectives
...........................................................................53
Organization
...............................................................................................................54
The Topic
Sentence....................................................................................................54
Supporting Sentences: Main
Points.........................................................................61
Supporting Details:
Examples...................................................................................62
The Concluding
Sentence..........................................................................................64
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................69
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................69
Adjectives and Adverbs in Basic
Sentences...........................................................70
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Adjectives.................................................................72
Preparation for Writing
...........................................................................................73
Outlining........................................................................................................................73
The Detailed
Outline....................................................................................................74
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about a Hobby or
Sport...............................76
Self-Assessment
.......................................................................................................77
Expansion
....................................................................................................................77
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about a Relaxing
Activity.........................................77
Summary
Writing.........................................................................................................78
Chapter 4 Logical Division of
Ideas...........................................................79
Introduction
.................................................................................................................80
Analyzing the
Model....................................................................................................80
Noticing Vocabulary:
Synonyms.............................................................................81
Organization
...............................................................................................................82
Logical Division of
Ideas............................................................................................82
Unity in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph................................................85
Coherence in the Supporting Sentences of a
Paragraph......................................86
Sentence Structure
..................................................................................................96
Run-ons and Comma
Splices...................................................................................96
Correcting Run-ons and Comma
Splices................................................................96
Finding Run-ons and Comma
Splices.....................................................................96
Applying Vocabulary: Using Synonyms and Near
Synonyms............................99
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph about Shopping
Habits................................99
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................100
Expansion
..................................................................................................................101
Timed Writing: A Paragraph for Students about
Shopping...............................101
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................101
Chapter 5 Process
Paragraphs...................................................................102
Introduction
...............................................................................................................103
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................103
Noticing Vocabulary: Phrasal
Verbs.....................................................................104
Organization
.............................................................................................................105
Topic Sentences in Process
Paragraphs...............................................................105
Supporting Sentences in Process
Paragraphs.....................................................105
Concluding Sentences in Process
Paragraphs....................................................105
Using Time Order in Process
Paragraphs.............................................................106
Purpose
.......................................................................................................................109
Audience
....................................................................................................................109
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................110
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................110
Clauses and Complex
Sentences...........................................................................112
Applying Vocabulary: Using Phrasal
Verbs.........................................................117
Writing Assignment: A Process Paragraph about
Self-Improvement.............118
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................119
Expansion
..................................................................................................................120
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Learning English
Vocabulary.....................120
Email to a
Professor..................................................................................................120
Chapter 6 Definition
Paragraphs................................................................121
Introduction
...............................................................................................................122
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................122
Noticing Vocabulary: Word
Knowledge...............................................................123
Organization
.............................................................................................................124
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................128
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................128
Appositives.................................................................................................................129
Adjective
Clauses......................................................................................................131
Complex Sentences with Adjective
Clauses.........................................................133
Applying Vocabulary: Using Word
Knowledge...................................................142
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................143
Clustering...................................................................................................................143
Writing Assignment: A Paragraph That Defines a Word, Concept, or
Custom....144
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................145
Expansion
..................................................................................................................146
Timed Writing: A Paragraph That Defines
Family................................................146
Paraphrasing..............................................................................................................146
Chapter 7 Cause / Effect
Paragraphs.....................................................148
Introduction
...............................................................................................................149
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................149
Noticing Vocabulary:
Prefixes...............................................................................150
Organization
.............................................................................................................151
Topic Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs....................................................151
Supporting Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Concluding Sentences in Cause / Effect
Paragraphs..........................................152
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................160
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................160
Cause / Effect Transition
Signals............................................................................161
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Prefixes...................................................................167
Writing Assignment: A Cause / Effect Paragraph about a Social
Issue.........168
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................169
Expansion
..................................................................................................................169
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about the Positive Effects of
Walking..................169
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................170
Chapter 8 Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs................................171
Introduction
...............................................................................................................172
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................172
Noticing Vocabulary:
Antonyms...........................................................................173
Organization
.............................................................................................................174
Topic Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs.....................................175
Supporting Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs...........................175
Concluding Sentences in Comparison / Contrast
Paragraphs..........................176
Sentence Structure
................................................................................................182
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................182
Transition Signals for
Comparison..........................................................................183
Transition Signals for
Contrast................................................................................187
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Antonyms................................................................190
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................191
Conducting an
Interview..........................................................................................191
Writing Assignment: A Comparison / Contrast Paragraph about
Education....194
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................195
Expansion
..................................................................................................................195
Timed Writing: A Paragraph about Your Education vs. a
Parent’s....................195
Double-Entry Journal
Writing..................................................................................196
PART II: WRITING AN ESSAY
Chapter 9 Essay
Organization......................................................................198
Introduction
...............................................................................................................199
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................199
Noticing Vocabulary: Formal and Informal
Words.............................................201
Organization
.............................................................................................................202
Introductory
Paragraphs..........................................................................................203
Body
Paragraphs.......................................................................................................205
Concluding
Paragraphs............................................................................................206
Transitions between
Paragraphs.............................................................................209
Essay
Outlining..........................................................................................................213
The Writing Process
..............................................................................................215
Applying Vocabulary: Using Formal and Informal
Vocabulary.........................218
Writing Assignment: An Essay about Nonverbal
Communication..................219
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................220
Expansion
..................................................................................................................221
Timed Writing: An Essay about Body Language in Your Native
Culture..........221
Summary
Writing.......................................................................................................221
Chapter 10 Opinion
Essays............................................................................222
Introduction
...............................................................................................................223
Analyzing the
Model..................................................................................................223
Noticing Vocabulary:
Collocations.......................................................................225
Organization
.............................................................................................................226
Introductory Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays..........................................................226
Body Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays......................................................................228
Concluding Paragraphs in Opinion
Essays...........................................................230
Developing Supporting Details
.........................................................................230
Quotations..................................................................................................................230
Statistics.....................................................................................................................232
Applying Vocabulary: Using
Collocations...........................................................235
Preparation for Writing
.........................................................................................236
Conducting a
Survey................................................................................................236
Writing Assignment: An Opinion Essay about Getting a Good
Education.......237
Self-Assessment
.....................................................................................................238
Expansion
..................................................................................................................238
Timed Writing: An Opinion Essay about
Homework...........................................238
Writing an Opinion for
Publication..........................................................................239
APPENDICES
Appendix A Grammar
Terms....................................................................................240
Appendix B Sentence Types and Connecting
Words..........................................243
Appendix C Connecting Words and Transition
Signals.......................................246
Appendix D Punctuation
Rules................................................................................248
Appendix E Correction
Symbols.............................................................................250
Appendix F Peer Review and Writer’s Self-Check
Worksheets..........................253
Index....................................................................................................................................274
Credits.................................................................................................................................279