Activity all over the world has focused on the exploration of new synthetic routes to inorganic materials with improved properties. Presently combustion process is developed for the synthesis of silicate materials. Nanophase materials have become one of the thrust areas of research in materials science and technology. Some of them have become highly potential and efficient phosphors in display applications such as new flat panel displays with low energy excitation sources, solar energy converters, optical amplifiers and TLD phosphors. The study of TL in materials reveals the nature and extent of radiation damage the material suffers. It is extensively used for dosimetry of ionizing radiations, used as a potential tool to identify the nature of defect formed. TL is also, widely used in various fields such as radiation dosimetry, Forensic science, for monitoring integrated radiation exposure, archeology and geological dating. TL technique successfully be used to study the electron and hole process associated with some point defects such as color centers.