For the nations of the South, the tropical forest is above all a capital to be developed, through two aspects: wood, which is an indispensable resource for national economies, and land, the basis of development. This more traditional face refers to "classic" forest management, as it has long been defined in the West. This management of forest capital generally translates into State control of land and forest resources through specific legislative frameworks and policies. Timber management is carried out by forestry professionals: management and exploitation. Land management often calls for a radical transformation of the "natural" forest into a plantation, forestry or agricultural forest, but again, it follows the major policies enacted by the State.
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