Eduardo Missoni, Daniele Alesani

Management of International Institutions and NGOs

Frameworks, practices and challenges

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

International Institutions (IIs), International NGOs (INGOs) and Transnational Hybrid Organizations (THOs) play a hugely important role in the modern world economy. Despite having been studied by scholars from a range of disciplines, these organizations have never before been approached from a management perspective. This ambitious book analyzes the management challenges associated with international cooperation and sheds light on how these organizations have evolved as the political, economic and business environments have changed around them. ¿ Covering an admirably broad canvas, the authors pursue two main objectives. Firstly, they explore the main management frameworks developed in the context of the corporate and national public/non-profit organizations and adapt them to the specificity of IIs and INGOs. This leads to the identification of a "tailored" approach to IO management based on their institutional and operational settings, stakeholder groups, core business, staff profile, and financial arrangements. Secondly, they "bring theory into practice" by linking frameworks to several case studies and best practices of organizations currently experimenting with management systems and tools, with case studies including the World Bank and the Gates Foundation. This comprehensive textbook is a must-own resource for students and academics involved with studying and working with international organizations.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Routledge
• Seitenzahl: 472
• Erscheinungstermin: 12. Dezember 2013
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 240mm x 161mm x 30mm
• Gewicht: 869g
• ISBN-13: 9780415706643
• ISBN-10: 0415706645
• Artikelnr.: 39096543

Autorenporträt

Dr. Daniele Alesani holds an MBA from the University of Geneva, Switzerland and a Ph.D. in Public Administration from Parma University; in his professional and academic career he has extensively worked on the main issues related to managerial and administrative reforms, accounting change and adoption of full accrual accounting systems in International Organizations. His background includes accounting policy analysis, training, re-engineering of management control and information systems, implementation and support of financial systems and project management. In 2004, Dr. Alesani joined the SDA Bocconi School of Business in Milan as lecturer and researcher. In 2006, Daniele joined the Business School of the University of Geneva as lecturer and MBA Programme Director, developing targeted management courses for United Nations System organizations. Since 2007, Dr. Alesani has been collaborating with the United Nations system organizations, first to support the implementation of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) organizations, then with the Chief Executive Board (CEB) Secretariat in Geneva and now in New York with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Dr. Alesani is currently head of the Statutory Reporting Unit at UNFPA, Adjunct Professor at Bocconi University, Milan, Italy and Catholic University, Milan, Italy. Dr. Alesani is author of several international publications in the area of managerial and administrative reforms in the public sector and intergovernmental organizations, among which "Factors affecting UN accountability: between managerial reforms and social claims"(In Bauer M., Knill C. (eds.) Management Reforms in International Organisations (2008), Baden-Baden, NOMOS), 'IPSAS adoption by the World Food Programme: an application of the contingency model to intergovernmental organizations' (International Journal of Public Sector Performance Management 2011 (1), Special Issue on IPSAS) and 'Getting Heath reforms Right: What Lessons from an Italian Case' (Health Services Management Research, vol. 7 (29) (2009)). Professor Eduardo Missoni is Doctor in Medicine and Surgery, with a postgraduate Specialization in Tropical Medicine (Rome La Sapienza University), and holds an MSc from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medcine. Since 2002 he is an adjunct professor at the Bocconi University in Milan, Italy, and at SDA Bocconi School of Management. His teachings, research and coordination activities extend over two main areas, Management of International Institutions and non profits, and Global Health and Development. He is also Bocconi Univeristy Rector's delegate for Development Cooperation issues. Since 2001, he also holds a Global Health course at the Faculty of Sociology of the Bicocca University in Milan. He was a visiting professor for "Ethics and International Organizations" at the Geneva International Organizations MBA, and currently collaborates with the Geneva School of Diplomacy, the Institute for International Political Studies (ISPI) in Milano, and is frequently invited to lecture in several other academic and training Institutions. Professor Missoni started his medical career in 1980 with a three years long experience as a medical volunteer in Nicaragua. He was later a UNICEF officer in Mexico, in charge for Primary Health Care programmes at national and State level. He later became an Adviser to the Directorate General for Development Cooperation of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, where he served for over 15 years. In this capacity, he was in charge of health and social development programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean, and Sub-Saharan African countries. During the same period he acted as the liaison officer with the World health Organization (WHO) and the Panamerican Health Organization (PAHO), and represented his country in other international meetings and groupings, including the G8 health experts group, which he chaired in 2001. Professor Missoni has a strong civic and social commitment and contributed to found, develop and manage several local, national and international non-profit and philanthropic organizations. Between 2004 and 2007, he was the Secretary General of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). Professor Missoni has extensively published, mainly in the field of International Development Cooperation and Global Health.

Inhaltsangabe

Introduction Part 1: The Context 1. International Institutions:
classification and main characteristics 2. International Non Governmental
Organizations: definitions, classification, and relation with the UN system
(Case Study Global Private Foundations - The Bill & Melinda gates
Foundation) 3. Transnational Hybrid Organizations (Case Study The UN system
opening to the corporate sector. The Global Compact) Part 2: Management of
International Cooperation 4. The evolution of International Development
Cooperation 5. Coordination and coherence among the main actors of the
development sector - trends, initiatives and ways forward (Case Study
UNAIDS: UN system coordination, governance and management reform) 6.
Changing paradigms for programme implementation 7. General coordination of
the multilateral response to crisis situations (Case study Humanitarian
intervention in the aftermath of the Haiti earthquake) 8. Understanding
international cooperation data Part 3: Management systems and reforms in
international organizations 9. Governance models and reforms
(Case Study Tripartite governance structures: the cases of ILO and ITU) 10.
Strategic thinking and planning (Cases: The strategic positioning of the
International Crisis Group (ICG); New strategic decisions at IFAD; The
World Bank 'Reserve Advisory and Management Program' (RAMP) - which
future?) 11. Results Based Management: specificities and challenges (Case
Study Does performance matter? A donors' perspective and the MOPAN Group
initiative) 12. Funding patterns and financial resources: trends,
management and organizational impacts (Case study A GOP proposal for the
United Nations budget) 13. The evolution of budgetary, accounting and
financial reporting systems (Case study The transition to IPSAS by the UN
system organizations) 14. Human Resource Management Part 4: Building and
managing the organization's profile 15. Building and managing the
organization's profile (Case Study Developing partnerships with civil
society: the case of UNICEF) 16. Ethics in International Organizations -
the Ethical Organization
Summary:
This work is divided into four main sections.
Section 1 defines the three main families of International Organizations:
1. International Institutions (IIs)
2. International NGOs (INGOs)
3. Transnational Hybrid Organizations (THOs).
The purpose of this section is to create a basic understanding and
knowledge of the institutional and operational characteristics of the group
of organizations under investigation (collectively called International
Organizations, IOs).
Section 2, describes the broader context in which IOs operate, we discuss
the complex architecture of the international development cooperation
sector, and the evolving dynamics among its main actors. The authors first
explore the notion of "development" and its evolution. They then delve into
the challenges related to program coordination in the international
development and humanitarian aid sectors. They also analyze the evolving
roles of IIs and INGOs in light of the emerging paradigms for program
implementation and describe the evolution of IIs' funding mechanisms.
Section 3 explores the current management reforms in IOs. The main
objective of this section is to elaborate how managerial frameworks can be
successfully applied to IOs and to showcase management tools and systems
through actual practices and case studies. In this Section, the authors
respond to questions such as:
* What is strategic management and how it can help IOs organizations
achieve their missions?
* What is Result-Based Management (RBM) and how it can help leaders to
better orient resources and organizations toward their objectives?
* How do you gear the Human Resources Management (HRM) function and
tools to motivate staff, nourish talent, and develop the
organization?
* How do you utilize accrual accounting to increase transparency,
provide information on the financial sustainability of the
organizations and ultimately improve financial management?
* What are the intricacies of the governance of IOs and how can
managers navigate them?
Finally, Section 4 of this work explores how IIs and INGOs can build and
manage their institutional profile. The authors first tackle the
interrelated subjects of communications, external relations, and resources
mobilization. They then approach the concept of "ethics" for organizations
that, for their very nature, should promote sustainability and ethical
values, but are often accused of a lack of transparency and accountability.

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Foreword

Acknowledgments

List of Abbreviations



Introduction

1 International institutions: classification and main characteristics



1.1 Introduction

1.2 Toward a definition of international institutions

1.3 Possible classifications of international institutions

1.4 The United Nations system

1.5 Global and regional international financial institutions

1.6 Other families of IIs



2 International non-governmental organizations: definitions, classification, and relation with the UN system



2.1 Defining NGOs

2.2 Non- profits

2.3 Civil society

2.4 Third sector and social economy

2.5 In search of operational definitions

2.6 Other transnationally operating non-profits

2.7 NGOs and the UN system



3 Transnational hybrid organizations, multistakeholder initiatives, and partnerships



3.1 Introduction

3.2 Defining and classifying multistakeholder initiatives, transnational hybrid organizations, and global partnerships

3.3 Organizational arrangements of THOs and other public- private interactions

3.4 Lessons learned and challenges

3.5 From the idea of "partnership" to multistakeholderism. A historical overview

3.6 Case study: the UN opening to the corporate sector - the Global Compact

3.7 Case study: the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria



4 The evolution of international development cooperation



4.1 The birth of development discourse and international aid

4.2 Critics from the South

4.3 Applying the "shock doctrine": the neoliberal response to crisis

4.4 Fight against poverty, partnership, and development goals

4.5 Financing for development

4.6 The Global Agenda 2030 for sustainable development

4.7 In search of aid coordination and effectiveness

4.8 The aid transparency movement

4.9 Development and the future of international cooperation and aid



5 Coordination and coherence among the actors of the international development system



5.1 From aid effectiveness to system-wide coherence and coordination among development actors

5.2 A decade of UNDS reforms in review: "Delivery as One" and UNDS repositioning to deliver on Agenda 2030

5.3 The "value chain" as conceptual lenses for UN system reforms

5.4 Policy and governance

5.5 Funding for development

5.6 Needs assessment planning and programming

5.7 Program implementation and business operations

5.8 Benefits, challenges, and open issues of UNDS reforms



5.9 An inconvenient dilemma for the UNDS reform initiatives



5.10 Looking beyond UNDS coordination - the case of the global action plan for healthy lives and well-being for all



6 Changing paradigms for program implementation

6.1 A new role for IIs in technical cooperation programs' implementation: status and challenges



6.2 The changing aid environment and a new role for development actors

6.3 IIs: from "transactional" to "strategic" management of implementing partners' relations

6.4 Capacity building as essential element of the transition to national execution of technical cooperation projects

6.5 Progress to date and future challenges



7 The evolution of IIs' funding and financing for development mechanisms



7.1 Introduction

7.2 Bilateral and multilateral funding for development

7.3 IOs' funding sources and mechanisms

7.4 The escalation of non-core resources, its impacts on financial and operational management, and efforts to strengthen sustainability and system-wide coherence

7.5 Results-based aid and financing

7.6 Blended and innovative financing for development

7.7 From funding to financing for development - thriving a "post-budgetary" world



8 Coordination in humanitarian response and the nexus with development

8.1 The humanitarian assistance landscape and evolving coordination strategies



8.2 Drivers and types of coordination in the humanitarian sector

8.3 Spectrum of humanitarian coordination and the need for a contingent approach

8.4 Overview of humanitarian coordination reform efforts

8.5 Humanitarian coordination roles and mechanisms

8.6 The humanitarian program vycle and inter-agency coordinated appeals

8.7 Joint and pooled humanitarian funding mechanisms

8.8 The nexus between humanitarian and development assistance

8.9 Selected open issues with humanitarian coordination



9 Governance models and reforms



9.1 Governance in IIs and INGOs: definition and key concepts

9.2 Institutional governance: organizational arrangements and the "rules of the game"

9.3 Decision-making mechanisms in IIs and INGOs

9.4 Good governance in IIs and INGOs

9.5 International regimes and global governance

9.6 Conclusions

9.7 Case study: governance structures at the ILO and the ITU

9.8 Case study: UN Security Council - veto power and reform proposals



10 Strategic thinking and planning



10.1 Introduction

10.2 The notion of strategy and the need for a tailored approach to public sector organizations and NGOs

10.3 The growing importance of strategy and strategic management in public and intergovernmental organizations

10.4 Toward a working definition of strategy for IIs and INGOs

10.5 Strategy formulation in IIs and INGOs: "thinking" and "planning"

10.6 Managing strategy in IIs and INGOs

10.7 Case study: new strategic decisions made by IFAD



11 Results-based management



11.1 Results-based management in international development

11.2 RBM as a management cycle

11.3 Key concepts and building blocks of RBM

11.4 The RBM information system in IOs and the results-based budget architecture

11.5 Specificities, challenges, and maturity of RBM in international organizations

11.6 Does performance matter? A donor's perspective



12 Financial management - budgeting, reporting, and leveraging financial data



12.1 Introduction 306



12.2 Basics of accounting in public and non-profit organizations



12.3 Budgeting processes and budget structure in IIs

12.4 Benefits of the transition to accrual basis accounting and reporting

12.5 Using financial information to support operational decision-making



13 Human resources management



13.1 Introduction

13.2 The need for a tailored approach to HRM in IOs

13.3 The evolution toward strategic HRM in international organizations

13.4 The HR management cycle - main phases, open issues, and good practices

13.5 The future of HRM reforms in international organizations



14 Humanitarian operations and supply chain management



14.1 Defining humanitarian supply chain

14.2 The role of supply chain in disaster management

14.3 Components and specificities of the humanitarian supply chain

14.4 Gaps, critical success factors, and maturity of humanitarian supply chain

14.5 The "performing" humanitarian supply chain: trade-offs and strategies

14.6 Selected humanitarian supply chain partnerships

14.7 Strategic and operational impacts of the transition to cash and voucher assistance on humanitarian organizations



15 Digital transformation in IOs - toward a human-centered approach



15.1 Introduction

15.2 Digital transformation and its impacts on international organizations

15.3 Digitalization pathways of modern international organizations

15.4 FIR applications for business processes in IOs

15.5 FIR applications for program management and policy advocacy in IOs

15.6 Maturity of IOs' digital transformation efforts - UN system assessment

15.7 Organizational preparedness to digital transformation



15.8 Assessing the preparedness for human- centered digital transformation and looking ahead

15.9 Case study - the introduction of blockchain technology for cash-based humanitarian assistance



16 Building and managing the organization's profile



16.1 Introduction

16.2 Communication and branding

16.3 Stakeholder management

16.4 Resources mobilization

16.5 The web and social media as a "system"



16.6 Case study. Communication and the challenge of Infodemics



16.7 Case study: the management of strategic partnerships with civil society organizations at UNICEF



17 Leadership



17.1 Introduction

17.2 The challenges ahead

17.3 Leading international organizations

17.4 Being a leader in the global environment

17.5 Conclusions



18 Ethics and international organizations

18.1 Introduction



18.2 Defining ethics

18.3 Ethics of international organizations

18.4 Ethics in international organizations

18.5 The ethical versus unethical organization

18.6 Conclusions

18.7 Appendix: main fields of study in ethics



19 Conclusions

Bibliography

Index