This book is dedicated to the topic of math anxiety in primary school. In addition to the definition of math anxiety, possible triggering factors for this anxiety are listed. "Boys are talented in math and girls in German." - This stereotype is not an isolated case, which is why one chapter deals with the topic of math anxiety and gender. A large part of the thesis is dedicated to essential influencing factors and possible conditions for success for anxiety-free and gender-equitable mathematics lessons. The aim of this master's thesis was to find out what experiences primary school teachers have with math anxiety, what causes can lead to math anxiety and how teachers can design anxiety-free and gender-equitable lessons. In addition to a detailed theoretical section, this work also includes a specially conducted empirical study. Based on interviews with primary school teachers, many new insights were gained that should help educators to teach mathematics in a contemporary way.