In an attempt to meet the demand for new ultra-high strength materials, the processing of novel material configurations with unique microstructure is being explored in systems which are further and further from equilibrium. One such class of emerging materials is the so-called nanophased or nanostructured materials. This class of materials includes metals and alloys, ceramics, and polymers characterized by controlled ultra-fine microstructural features in the form oflayered, fibrous, or phase and grain distribution. While it is clear that these materials are in an early stage of development,…mehr
In an attempt to meet the demand for new ultra-high strength materials, the processing of novel material configurations with unique microstructure is being explored in systems which are further and further from equilibrium. One such class of emerging materials is the so-called nanophased or nanostructured materials. This class of materials includes metals and alloys, ceramics, and polymers characterized by controlled ultra-fine microstructural features in the form oflayered, fibrous, or phase and grain distribution. While it is clear that these materials are in an early stage of development, there is now a sufficient body of literature to fuel discussion of how the mechanical properties and deformation behavior can be controlled through control of the microstructure. This NATO-Advanced Study Institute was convened in order to assess our current state of knowledge in the field of mechanical properties and deformation behavior in materials with ultra fine microstructure, to identify opportunities and needs for further research, and to identify the potential for technological applications. The Institute was the first international scientific meeting devoted to a discussion on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of materials having grain sizes down to a few nanometers. Included in these discussions were the topics of superplasticity, tribology, and the supermodulus effect. Lectures were also presented which covered a variety of other themes including synthesis, characterization, thermodynamic stability, and general physical properties.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
I. Fundamental Concepts.- Nanostructured Materials.- Electron Theory Applied to Phases with Low Dimensions.- Thermodynamics of Nanostructured Materials.- II. Structure and Physical Properties.- Interfaces and Physical Properties of Nanostructured Solids.- Interfacial Structures and Properties.- Grain Boundary Design for Advanced Materials on the Basis of Grain Size Dependence of Grain Boundary Character Distribution (GBCD).- Diffraction Analysis of Ultra-Fine Structures; Lattice Deformations in Multilayers and Martensites.- An Electron Microscopy Study of Ferromagnetism in Small Nickel Particles as a Function of Size.- III. Mechanical Response.- The Search for the Supermodulus Effect.- Recent Studies of the Supermodulus Effect.- Tribology of Materials and the Effect of Microstructure.- Mechanical Relaxation Spectroscopy of Fine Grained Al and Al-Alloy Films.- Hall-Petch Behavior in Nanocrystalline Metals.- Mechanical Properties of Layered Structures and Thin Films on Substrates.- The Mechanical Properties of Fine Scale Metallic Materials.- Structure and Mechanical Properties of Submicrometeregrained Materials Produced by Severe Plastic Deformation.- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra Fine Grained Elemental Metals.- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Nanocomposites.- Tensile Behavior of Cold-Rolled NiTi Having an Amorphous-Crystalline Composite Microstructure.- Indentation Test on Thermotropic Polymers.- Grid Supported Polyimide and Beryllium Based Soft X-Ray Windows - Pressurized Membrane Ductility Considerations.- IV. Superplasticity.- Creep and Superplasticity.- Superplasticity of Nanostructured Ceramics.- Superplasticity of Nanophase Intermetallics?.- Superplasticity of Nanograin Ceramic Films Tested by the Stress RelaxationMethod.- Very High Strain Rate Superplasticity in Near-Nano Scale Aluminum Alloys.- V. Nanoindentation.- Mechanical Deformation Using Indentation Experiments.- Nanoindentation with a Surface Force Apparatus.- Measurement of Fracture Toughness in Thin Films and Small Volumes Using Nanoindentation Methods.- Hardness of Vapour Deposited Ceramic Coatings Determined by Ultra-Low Load Indentation.- Sputter Deposition and Characterization of MoSi2/SiC Composite Coatings.- Hardness and Young's Modulus of Cosputtered Ti-B-N and Hf-B-N Films and Correlations to Their Microstructure and Composition.- Nanoindentation of Thin Coated Systems.- Indentation of Semiconductor Superlattices.- Nanohardness and Chemical Composition of Be Surfaces for Gas Bearing.- VI. Synthesis and Processing.- Synthesis and Processing of Nanostructured Materials.- Sinter-Forging of Chemically Precipitated Nanocrystalline TiO2.- Nanocrystalline ZrO2 by Crystallization of Amorphous Oxide.- Compaction of Submicron and Nanocrystalline Al2O3-ZrO2 Ceramics.- Sintering of Nanocrystalline Al2O3: A Study by Photoacoustic Infrared Spectroscopy.- Reduction of Surface Oxide on Ultra-Fine FeNi Particles.- VII. Characterization.- Atomic Force Microscopy of Polymer Surfaces.- Crystallization of Nanocrystalline Alloys Studied by Electron Transport, Magnetic and Dilatometric Methods.- Acoustic Spectroscopy of Iron and Aluminum Thin Films and Fe/Al Multilayers. Anelasticity and Microstructure.- X-Ray Reflectivity Studies of Twist Grain Boundaries.- Stm Study of Microindentations on Oriented Metallic Single Crystals.- List of Participants (with addresses).
I. Fundamental Concepts.- Nanostructured Materials.- Electron Theory Applied to Phases with Low Dimensions.- Thermodynamics of Nanostructured Materials.- II. Structure and Physical Properties.- Interfaces and Physical Properties of Nanostructured Solids.- Interfacial Structures and Properties.- Grain Boundary Design for Advanced Materials on the Basis of Grain Size Dependence of Grain Boundary Character Distribution (GBCD).- Diffraction Analysis of Ultra-Fine Structures; Lattice Deformations in Multilayers and Martensites.- An Electron Microscopy Study of Ferromagnetism in Small Nickel Particles as a Function of Size.- III. Mechanical Response.- The Search for the Supermodulus Effect.- Recent Studies of the Supermodulus Effect.- Tribology of Materials and the Effect of Microstructure.- Mechanical Relaxation Spectroscopy of Fine Grained Al and Al-Alloy Films.- Hall-Petch Behavior in Nanocrystalline Metals.- Mechanical Properties of Layered Structures and Thin Films on Substrates.- The Mechanical Properties of Fine Scale Metallic Materials.- Structure and Mechanical Properties of Submicrometeregrained Materials Produced by Severe Plastic Deformation.- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra Fine Grained Elemental Metals.- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Nanocomposites.- Tensile Behavior of Cold-Rolled NiTi Having an Amorphous-Crystalline Composite Microstructure.- Indentation Test on Thermotropic Polymers.- Grid Supported Polyimide and Beryllium Based Soft X-Ray Windows - Pressurized Membrane Ductility Considerations.- IV. Superplasticity.- Creep and Superplasticity.- Superplasticity of Nanostructured Ceramics.- Superplasticity of Nanophase Intermetallics?.- Superplasticity of Nanograin Ceramic Films Tested by the Stress RelaxationMethod.- Very High Strain Rate Superplasticity in Near-Nano Scale Aluminum Alloys.- V. Nanoindentation.- Mechanical Deformation Using Indentation Experiments.- Nanoindentation with a Surface Force Apparatus.- Measurement of Fracture Toughness in Thin Films and Small Volumes Using Nanoindentation Methods.- Hardness of Vapour Deposited Ceramic Coatings Determined by Ultra-Low Load Indentation.- Sputter Deposition and Characterization of MoSi2/SiC Composite Coatings.- Hardness and Young's Modulus of Cosputtered Ti-B-N and Hf-B-N Films and Correlations to Their Microstructure and Composition.- Nanoindentation of Thin Coated Systems.- Indentation of Semiconductor Superlattices.- Nanohardness and Chemical Composition of Be Surfaces for Gas Bearing.- VI. Synthesis and Processing.- Synthesis and Processing of Nanostructured Materials.- Sinter-Forging of Chemically Precipitated Nanocrystalline TiO2.- Nanocrystalline ZrO2 by Crystallization of Amorphous Oxide.- Compaction of Submicron and Nanocrystalline Al2O3-ZrO2 Ceramics.- Sintering of Nanocrystalline Al2O3: A Study by Photoacoustic Infrared Spectroscopy.- Reduction of Surface Oxide on Ultra-Fine FeNi Particles.- VII. Characterization.- Atomic Force Microscopy of Polymer Surfaces.- Crystallization of Nanocrystalline Alloys Studied by Electron Transport, Magnetic and Dilatometric Methods.- Acoustic Spectroscopy of Iron and Aluminum Thin Films and Fe/Al Multilayers. Anelasticity and Microstructure.- X-Ray Reflectivity Studies of Twist Grain Boundaries.- Stm Study of Microindentations on Oriented Metallic Single Crystals.- List of Participants (with addresses).
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