Alcohol use affects, either directly or indirectly, nearly all facets of Western civi lization. Eastern cultures are also not exempt from the influence of alcohol, and the present decade has been a time of increased alcohol use in all parts of the world. The problems of alcohol abuse and alcoholism are of concern to a variety of professionals in the biomedical and psychosocial health sciences, and-although the alcohol research literature contains much information on the relationships between alcohol ingestion and physiological, neurochemical, pharmacologic, genetic, environmental, and…mehr
Alcohol use affects, either directly or indirectly, nearly all facets of Western civi lization. Eastern cultures are also not exempt from the influence of alcohol, and the present decade has been a time of increased alcohol use in all parts of the world. The problems of alcohol abuse and alcoholism are of concern to a variety of professionals in the biomedical and psychosocial health sciences, and-although the alcohol research literature contains much information on the relationships between alcohol ingestion and physiological, neurochemical, pharmacologic, genetic, environmental, and psychological effects in humans and in subhuman spe cies-there is at the present time no advanced textbook that integrates the avail able information for use by both students and professionals. The writing of Medical and Social Aspects of Alcohol Abuse constitutes an attempt to create a scholarly reference and resource for students, researchers, prac ticing clinicians, and paraprofessionals who wishto understand the complex inter play of factors related to acute and chronic alcohol intoxication, the effects of alco hol on body functions, and treatment approaches to alcohol abusers and alcoholics.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
1 Alcohol Use and Abuse: Historical Perspective and Present Trends.- 1. Alcohol Use in Historical Perspective.- 2. Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Problems.- 3. Development of the Concept(s) of Alcoholism.- 4. References.- 2 The Genetics of Alcoholism.- 1. Types of Studies Supporting a Genetic Influence in Alcoholism.- 2. Possible Biological Mechanisms for a Genetic Influence in Alcoholism.- 3. A Prospective Search for the Biological Determinants of Alcoholism.- 4. Summary.- 5. References.- 3 The Absorption, Distribution, and Metabolism of Ethanol and Its Effects on Nutrition and Hepatic Function.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Absorption and Distribution.- 3. Pharmacokinetics and Alcohol Elimination Rates.- 4. Processes and Organs Responsible for Ethanol Elimination.- 5. Significant Pathways of Ethanol Metabolism.- 6. Enzymes That Oxidize Ethanol to Acetaldehyde.- 7. Enzymes That Oxidize Acetaldehyde to Acetate.- 8. Control of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Metabolism in Liver.- 9. Effect of Chronic Ethanol Ingestion on Alcohol Elimination Rate.- 10. Chronic Ethanol Ingestion and Nutrition.- 11. Ethanol Oxidation and Hepatic Metabolism.- 12. References.- 4 Effects of Ethanol upon Organ Systems Other than the Central Nervous System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Ethanol and the Gastrointestinal Tract.- 3. Muscle Systems.- 4. The Hematologic System.- 5. Kidney Disease and Alcoholism.- 6. Pulmonary Disease and Alcoholism.- 7. The Endocrine System and Alcoholism.- 8. Effects of Ethanol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis.- 9. Effects of Alcohol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroidal Axis.- 10. The Effects of Alcohol on Growth Hormone and Prolactin.- 11. Effects of Alcohol on Vasopressin and Oxytocin.- 12. Biological Markers of Alcoholism.- 13. References.- 5 Ethanol and the Central Nervous System.- 1. Ethanol and Behavior.- 2. Ethanol and Membrane Structure and Function.- 3. Ethanol and Electrical Cellular Activity.- 4. Ethanol and Synaptic Transmission.- 5. Ethanol and Metabolism.- 6. Consequences of Long-term Ethanol Consumption.- 7. Summary.- 8. References.- 6 Neurologic Diseases Associated with Chronic Alcohol Abuse.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Physical Dependence.- 3. Chronic Diseases of the Central Nervous System.- 4. Peripheral Polyneuropathy.- 5. Nutritional Deficiencies.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. References.- 7 Biology of Tolerance and Dependence.- 1. Introduction to Tolerance and Dependence.- 2. Factors Contributing to Tolerance and Dependence.- 3. Classifications and Definitions of Tolerance.- 4. Biochemical Determinants of Ethanol Tolerance.- 5. Characteristics of Physical Dependence on Ethanol.- 6. Etiological Factors Contributing to the Development of Physical Dependence.- 7. Neurochemical Systems Determining Physical Dependence.- 8. Pharmacologic Management of the Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome.- 9. References.- 8 Alcohol Consumption and Prenatal Development.- 1. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects.- 2. Alcohol as a Teratogen in Animals, 1973-1979.- 3. Critical Discussion and General Conclusions.- 4. References.- 9 Interaction of Ethanol with Other Drugs.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Centrally Acting Compounds.- 3. References.- 10 Psychological Correlates and Explantions of Alcohol Use and Abuse.- 1. Psychodynamic Models.- 2. The Disease Model.- 3. Behavioral and Social-Learning Approach.- 4. Future Directions.- 5. References.- 11 Alcoholism Treatment Approaches: Patient Variables, Treatment Variables.- 1. Critical View of Treatment Outcome Evaluation.- 2. Treatment Variables.- 3. Patient Variables.- 4. Implications.- 5. References.- 12Prevention of Alcohol Abuse.- 1. Approaches to Prevention.- 2. Alcohol Education.- 3. Mass Media.- 4. Alcohol Control Legislation.- 5. Conclusions.- 6. References.
1 Alcohol Use and Abuse: Historical Perspective and Present Trends.- 1. Alcohol Use in Historical Perspective.- 2. Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Problems.- 3. Development of the Concept(s) of Alcoholism.- 4. References.- 2 The Genetics of Alcoholism.- 1. Types of Studies Supporting a Genetic Influence in Alcoholism.- 2. Possible Biological Mechanisms for a Genetic Influence in Alcoholism.- 3. A Prospective Search for the Biological Determinants of Alcoholism.- 4. Summary.- 5. References.- 3 The Absorption, Distribution, and Metabolism of Ethanol and Its Effects on Nutrition and Hepatic Function.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Absorption and Distribution.- 3. Pharmacokinetics and Alcohol Elimination Rates.- 4. Processes and Organs Responsible for Ethanol Elimination.- 5. Significant Pathways of Ethanol Metabolism.- 6. Enzymes That Oxidize Ethanol to Acetaldehyde.- 7. Enzymes That Oxidize Acetaldehyde to Acetate.- 8. Control of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Metabolism in Liver.- 9. Effect of Chronic Ethanol Ingestion on Alcohol Elimination Rate.- 10. Chronic Ethanol Ingestion and Nutrition.- 11. Ethanol Oxidation and Hepatic Metabolism.- 12. References.- 4 Effects of Ethanol upon Organ Systems Other than the Central Nervous System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Ethanol and the Gastrointestinal Tract.- 3. Muscle Systems.- 4. The Hematologic System.- 5. Kidney Disease and Alcoholism.- 6. Pulmonary Disease and Alcoholism.- 7. The Endocrine System and Alcoholism.- 8. Effects of Ethanol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis.- 9. Effects of Alcohol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroidal Axis.- 10. The Effects of Alcohol on Growth Hormone and Prolactin.- 11. Effects of Alcohol on Vasopressin and Oxytocin.- 12. Biological Markers of Alcoholism.- 13. References.- 5 Ethanol and the Central Nervous System.- 1. Ethanol and Behavior.- 2. Ethanol and Membrane Structure and Function.- 3. Ethanol and Electrical Cellular Activity.- 4. Ethanol and Synaptic Transmission.- 5. Ethanol and Metabolism.- 6. Consequences of Long-term Ethanol Consumption.- 7. Summary.- 8. References.- 6 Neurologic Diseases Associated with Chronic Alcohol Abuse.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Physical Dependence.- 3. Chronic Diseases of the Central Nervous System.- 4. Peripheral Polyneuropathy.- 5. Nutritional Deficiencies.- 6. Conclusions.- 7. References.- 7 Biology of Tolerance and Dependence.- 1. Introduction to Tolerance and Dependence.- 2. Factors Contributing to Tolerance and Dependence.- 3. Classifications and Definitions of Tolerance.- 4. Biochemical Determinants of Ethanol Tolerance.- 5. Characteristics of Physical Dependence on Ethanol.- 6. Etiological Factors Contributing to the Development of Physical Dependence.- 7. Neurochemical Systems Determining Physical Dependence.- 8. Pharmacologic Management of the Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome.- 9. References.- 8 Alcohol Consumption and Prenatal Development.- 1. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects.- 2. Alcohol as a Teratogen in Animals, 1973-1979.- 3. Critical Discussion and General Conclusions.- 4. References.- 9 Interaction of Ethanol with Other Drugs.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Centrally Acting Compounds.- 3. References.- 10 Psychological Correlates and Explantions of Alcohol Use and Abuse.- 1. Psychodynamic Models.- 2. The Disease Model.- 3. Behavioral and Social-Learning Approach.- 4. Future Directions.- 5. References.- 11 Alcoholism Treatment Approaches: Patient Variables, Treatment Variables.- 1. Critical View of Treatment Outcome Evaluation.- 2. Treatment Variables.- 3. Patient Variables.- 4. Implications.- 5. References.- 12Prevention of Alcohol Abuse.- 1. Approaches to Prevention.- 2. Alcohol Education.- 3. Mass Media.- 4. Alcohol Control Legislation.- 5. Conclusions.- 6. References.
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