One of the key challenges encountered by modern healthcare and medical organizations is to be able to provide high quality, safe and contemporary, up to date healthcare services. To be able to provide such care, healthcare and medical organizations need to continuously improve and update their medical practices and improve their heath services. Continuously improving medical practices and healthcare services can not be achieved without developing an organizational culture that ensures this endeavor. The aim of this practical textbook is to provide the essential principles of medical leadership and healthcare leadership which can contribute to encouraging physicians and healthcare professionals in actively involving in the future activities associated with innovation in their organizations and also to help physicians and healthcare professionals in introducing advances to their practice in a well organized manner. Any well established organization needs to innovate and introduce advances, and therefore, they need to develop adequate understanding of medical and healthcare leadership.